"The Chinese Cultural Revolution," by Mr. Zhang Mu. Chapter 1.1-10

This is the next installment in Mr. Mu's book.  My apologies that this has been delayed over a month, and for my continuing inability to reproduce Mr. Mu's photographs.

(4) The CCP enjoyed the peace and held on a large scale clique struggle in Yan’an

Japanese army attacked Kuomintang’s capital crazily, but Yenan did not have war. Famous “Nanjing (Kuomintang's capital) massacre” in the war was never mentioned in Mao’s time. Afterward Kuomintang moved the capital to Chongqing. Statistics indicated that the Japanese forces raid Chongqing altogether 218 times, set out airplane 9513 sorties, 21593 bombs, 11889 people were killed by explosion, 14100 injured, blew down 17608 houses, Chongqing had not submitted. Chongqing built up “The Sino-Japanese War Victory Monument” in 1945, but in 1950 the CCP changed it to be “The people Liberation Monument” New Fourth Army was defeated by Mao’s strategy, Mao won Xiang Ying. Xiang Ying became Mao’s enemy when in Jiangxi “Chinese Soviet areas”. In 1939 spring, Xiang Ying, New Fourth Army's head, sent a telegram to Yan’an central express that Mao married Jiang Qing is not suitably to CCP. The central returned telegram said that they already had married. Xiang Ying cursed: “Mao is shame, abandoned his wife He Zizhen, but joint a such wicked nasty woman, lacking virtue, how can lead the party ......” Mao was in Yenan central to nitpick and to create obstacles to Xiang Ying who was in front. In October, 1940. Liu Shaoqi and so on wanted Xiang Ying’s New Fourth Army which was in south of Yangtze River “to annihilate Han Deqin’s (Kuomintang) army rapidly in north of the river”. In November, Mao ordered New Fourth Army to leave for the north of the River to oppose Japanese. But Mao in Yenan central gave the order telegrams to Xiang Ying that were repugnant, Xiang Ying did not know what course to take. In December, the Eighth Route Army and New Fourth Army fiercely attacked the Kuomintang army in north Yangtze River, Kuomintang army lost seriously. The Kuomintang army assemble nine divisions to surround the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui, forced them before the end of December to cross the river to north to oppose Japanese. On December 23, Mao ordered Xiang Ying’s army to approach Kuomintang capital Nanjing in south of the river. On January 3, 1941, New Fourth Army met the Kuomintang army to retaliate; Xiang Ying’s army had been annihilated. On March 14, Xiang Ying was killed by Liu Houzong, a subordinate CCP. New Fourth Army withered away in Mao’s hand, and removed Xiang Ying, his powerful enemy. Only after Mao’s death then the CCP awards “the revolutionary martyr” title to Xiang Ying. Yan'an Rectification Movement, the CCP inner conflict and the massacre, was Cultural Revolution's preview. In 1943, a lot of CCP cadres were charged as “spies” in Yan'an inner conflict. On June 24 the CCP’s “Instruction about the Policy of Struggle with the Kuomintang's Spy” said “in the rectification movement, nearly 1000 Kuomintang's and Japan’s spies are checked among the 10,000 cadres of Yan’an’s various organs, schools”, “it is estimated that certainly have hidden many Japan’s and Kuomintang’s spies, must be carefully cleaned.” Some data released in 1990s said that in “rescue” movement total 2,463 “spies” were “found” in various counties of Yan’an, and in West Gansu’s area almost 99% of the intellectuals were treated as “the person once had slipped” to be “rescued”. Only in Yan’an had 50-60 suicides. The rectification leadership, “The Central of the CCP General Study Committee”, the power even surpassed the CCP Political Bureau. This is just similar to afterward in Cultural Revolution that the power of the “Central Cultural Revolution Leading Group” surpassed CCP Political Bureau. Bo Yibo (CCP’s senior statesman) wrote in his memoirs: “My mother arrived at Yan’an at that time with me, I arranged her to live in a dwelling cave near a deep groove. One day, I looked at her, she said that “here is not good to live, every night persons shrieks and howls wildly, do not know what’s the matter”. I therefore walked to the groove, found that there were several hundreds persons imprisoning in six or seven caves, many neurological disordered, some laugh, some cry,Finally the safeguards told me: they were ‘rescued’ intellectuals, came to Yan’an to study but encountered the ‘rescue’”!

(1,2) Nanjing and Chongqing suffered attack by Japanese heavily, But Yan’an was peace and Mao played game called Ms. Ding Ling and so on 11 youth female as “imperial concubines”. In 1938 Mao left his wife He Zizhen and married with Jiang Qing in Yan’an. (3) In 1939, Zhou Enlai (middle) and Ye Ting, Xiang Ying (left). (4) Mao gave speech on the rectification movement in Yan’an. (5) Mao and Kang Shang, the expert of CCP’s counterrevolutionary suppression in Yenan.

6. Liu Shaoqi and so on created the “Mao Zedong Thought” in Yan’an, vigorously pursued d the personality cult（1939-1946）

Mao dared to launch CCP’s inner fight in Sino-Japanese War in Yan’an, because Moscow supported him. Liu Shaoqi et al. steered according to the wind and vigorously held Mao’s personality cult; Mao’s individual status was getting more and more consolidated and Liu Shaoqi et al. benefited from it. Mao Zedong more than once said to others: “after the Yan’an rectification, I has known several intimate friends, Liu Shaoqi, Chen Boda, Hu Qiaomu, Gao Gang, Lu Dingyi, Peng Zhen, also has Zhou Yang.” In 1945 Yan’an’s CCP 7th Congress, Liu gave a speech, he had 105 times mentioned Mao Zedong's name. The most disgusting was “our great leader Mao Zedong already used his thought to enhance our entire nationality's thought to an unprecedented altitude. This is the Mao Zedong Thought!” Liu Shaoqi’s action has won Mao’s favorable impression; simultaneously Liu had firmly done as the CCP’s second-hand in CCP 7th Congress. Several years later, when Gao Gang (CCP’s senior statesman) challenged to Liu Shaoqi, said that Liu was “the white area party”; Mao stood one Liu Shaoqi’s side and said that “we are the red area”. Gao Gang despaired to commit suicide. In a quite long time, Mao Zedong assured Liu Shaoqi and trusts him in what he did.

(1) From April 23 to June 11, 1945, the CCP convened the “7th CCP Congress” in Yan’an. (2) Mao gave the Political report in “7th CCP Congress”. (3)Liu Shaoqi in “7th CCP Congress” gave "About Revision Party Constitution Report", 105 times mentioned Mao’s name disgustingly.

7. The CCP said that Stalin is the big benefactor, is the Eighth Route Army defeated Japan, politely called Soviet Union the eldest, oneself the second child（1945-1955）

（1）The CCP said that Stalin is the big benefactor, is the Eighth Route Army defeated Japan

China's Sino-Japanese War is a main constituent of “the World War II” (Asian and Pacific battlefield, European, Soviet Union and North Africa battlefield). After the national government troop's frontal battlefield resistance and the communist army's rear area guerrilla warfare, U.S. military as the main force eliminated the Japanese overseas main force, Soviet troops seized the Northeast China (“Manzhouli”) and so on, under these conditions, and the Chinese people had suffered great hardships only then won the victory. The CCP's propaganda machines twists the history, propagandized wantonly that Stalin and Mao were Chinese people's great savior, the Eighth Route Army defeated Japan. Mao's former secretary Li Rui published his memoir about the CCP 10th Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee, said: Mao wanted he and Japanese invaders converging attack Kuomintang, “some comrades thought that the Japan occupying fewer area the better, afterward only then unified understanding: Let Japanese occupy more areas only then it is patriotic”. Mao Zedong’s quotation 1: “be calm, do not go to front to act as anti-Japanese hero, avoid confrontation with Japanese, engage in guerrilla warfare behind the Japanese’s rear area, try to expand the Eighth Route Army and establish anti-Japan guerilla bases, save and expand our party's armed forces by any means possible. To the government, by each kind of excuse we must evade its order which urges us to go to front, only then after the Japanese forces killed the Kuomintang’s troops greatly, we can obtain the achievement defeating Japan without labor, capture Kuomintang's power. Our Chinese Communists must take advantage of the opportunity that Kuomintang goes all out fight ageist Japanese, and take advantage opportunity of Japan occupation of China to expand and develop ourselves strength, certainly after anti-Japan War’s victory and Kuomintang was exhausted in the war, we must take the entire China.”--- Summary of Mao’s speech in Northern Shaaxi’s Luochuan Meeting in August, 1937. (In 1961 reprinted version’s “Selected Works of Mao Zedong” these words had been deleted). Mao Zedong’s quotation 2: “I once have talked with the Japanese friends. They said sorry that the Japanese Imperial Army had invaded China. I said, no! Not your Imperial Army invaded most half of the China, the Chinese people can not unite to cope with Chiang Kai-shek, and the CCP can not seize the power. Therefore, the Japanese Imperial Army is a good teacher for CCP, also can be said it is great benefactor, the great savior. “-- July 10, 1964, Mao’s speech in Beijing in meeting with chairman of the Japan Socialist Party Sasaki and Kuroda Hisao ((Pick from "Long Live Mao Zedong Thought".533-534 pages) Mao Zedong’s quotation 3: “The Japanese Imperial Army occupied most half of China in the past, so the Chinese people have accepted the education. If there is no Japanese invasion, we are still in the mountains; you and I can not watch the Beijing opera here. It is precisely because the Japanese Imperial Army occupied most half of China; let us establish many anti-Japanese base areas for the future victory of the liberation war created the conditions. Japanese monopoly capital and the warlords have done the `good deed’ to us, if needs to say thank, actually I want to thank the Japanese Imperial Army invading China.” -- On January 24, 1961, Mao talked with Japanese Socialist party congressmen Kuroda Hisao ands so on. (Pick from “Mao Zedong Diplomacy Literary selections”, edited by the People's Republic of China Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Central Committee of the CCP Literature Institute, Central Literature Publishing House, in 1994)

The Chinese language textbook in 1946 of Shandong Zhaoyuan County, where was the CCP occupied area at that time. The text: “Soviet Union's leader - Stalin, he is the Soviet Union people’s Savior, he also leads the world people to strive for liberation.” “Soviet Union has Red Army, They are really brave! They have defeated the German Fascist; they drove out Japanese devil from our Northeast.” “Red Army has made the Long March. The Eighth Route Army has attacked Japan for eight year. The People's Liberation Army regained cities, had established the new liberated area. The Eighth Route Army once is called the Red Army, has made the Long March, it has established the new liberated area, now is our People's Liberation Army.”

       "National Language Textbook" published by the CCP occupied area of Eastern Shandong District in 1947, text: "Mary Shek Wah letter to Comrade Stalin – Comrade Stalin: I'm a blacksmith's daughter, from 9 years of age, I had to rely on myself to earn money living. At first to the landlord looked care the child as a farmhand, every day was beaten and scolded, lived worse than those of beasts’ life. At that time I was only 13 years old! Afterward I was in a microcheiria factory, sweeping the floor and doing the arduous work every day, the life is painful. At that time, life is unbearable to imagine! I was rescued in the Great Revolution! Now I am a worker of the Textile factory, and this is my greatest glory. This kind of glory is a communist party member's glory; Comrade Stalin, it is also your glory.” “Because Chairman Mao loves the people, therefore the people also deeply love Chairman Mao. Once a village commemorated the July 1 CCP’s birthday, an old farmer saw that on the stage is hanging Chairman Mao's portrait, he knelt down and bowed, others urged him not to do this, the old man said that “I know this is an old way of thinking, but does not have Chairman Mao, how can my whole family live to present? I see Chairman Mao just like to see the rain in the long dry weather! Children, you see, Chairman Mao is in among the people, how is received respects!”

(1) In November-December, 1929, Soviet Union invaded China’s northeast. Photo shows the Soviet Red Army repairing the tank which spoiled in the fight in the Northeast. (2,3) On August 9, 1945, US had thrown the atomic bomb in Japan, the end of the Japanese army invading China  arrived, the Soviet Red Army entered China at this time.

(1, 2) Soviet Red Army entered China, did nothing without all the evil ones. (3) Soviet Red Army's picture poster said “Soviet Red Army completes the liberation mission and is highest honor”.

（2）The CCP politely called Soviet Union the eldest, oneself the second child

After it established government, the CCP everywhere politely calls Soviet Union as the “eldest brother”, itself was the second one, and everywhere posted Stalin and Mao Zedong's portraits. On February 14, 1952 People's Daily published an article entitled "Soviet Union Is Our Chinese people's Genuine Friend", it said: “The world people, especially the Chinese people, should express thanks for Marshal Stalin and the Soviet government the Soviet people, simultaneously, also should express thanks for the Chinese people leader Chairman Mao and the CCP and the Central People's Government. In the Sino-Japanese War, only the Soviet Union is the most real friend to have given the most and earliest assistance to us. In Chinese people's liberation war, the Soviet Union is the same always sympathy with and support the Chinese people. "  On November 7, 1952, People's Daily published the article entitled “Thank you, elder brother!” (Author: Xiao San), it said: “Millions and millions Chinese, from old to small, in this great holiday cheer to the Soviet people who are remote and intimate: Thank you, elder brother!”. On March 8, 1953, People's Daily published the article entitled “Beijing Suburban farmer Mourned Comrade Stalin”, it said: “The farmers hear the broadcast message that Comrade Stalin died of illness ......Zhu Sufang and her mother cries fiercely. They remember five years ago when the Japanese robbers and the Kuomintang reactionaries are ruling Beijing, her whole family can not even eat the roughest noodles. If not Stalin sent troops to help us defeat the Japanese devils, those crimes still do not know when to be ended ... ...”

 

(1) In September, 1948, the opening ceremony of a Songhua River bridge in Jilin, it erected huge Stalin and Mao’s portraits. (2) In 1952 picture poster “Learn from the Soviet Elder brothers". (3) In 1950s, Mao Zedong inscribed: “The good teacher and helpful friend is Soviet Union”. (4) “Long long live Stalin”, the Chinese People's Liberation Army set up the podium for the birthday of Stalin.

(1) In October, 1949, Liaoning province celebrated the Central People's Government inauguration meeting; Overhang Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin, Mao Zedong's portraits. Photo by Zhan Hongge. (2) In 1950s, CCP organized populace assembles in Beijing, Stalin’s portraits were like the sea. (s) In 1950s, Tianjin celebrated the National Day, populace carried Stalin and Mao’s portraits to parade.