( Part III )
小标题 五七幹校·知識青年······
Subtitle: May 7 Cadre School & School Graduates/leavers
(Note: “May 7” : named after Mao’s Directive of 1966, he gave it on May 7th of 1966)
汪作民：文化大革命开始以后，由于适应机关斗、批、改的需要, 云南省的省级机关把它的第一五七干校设在了东风农场这个地方。
Wang Zuomin: After the start of the Cultural Revolution, to meet the needs of struggle-criticism-transformation (important tasks of the C.R.), provincial bodies of Yunnan established their first May 7 cadre school in Dongfeng Farm.
五七战士：在1968年11月份，省委机关组织上千人的队伍，坐着车子来到了东风农场。
May 7 fighter: In Nov. of 1968, bodies of provincial Party committee organized a procession of a thousand people to arrive at Dongfeng Farm in vehicles.
(Note: in those years all people in the cadre schools were usually called May 7 fighters, though they were not in the army)
五七战士：当时这里叫云南省第一五七干校。
May 7 fighter: Then here it was called The First May 7 Cadre School of Yunnan Province.
（歌）‘办学习班是个好办法, 很多问题可以在学习班得到解决’
(Song) ‘It is a good way to run a study class, many problems can be solved in it.’ (Mao’s words in C.R.)
刘加强：当时省政府的秘书长都下放到这里，五七干校嘛。
Liu Jiaqiang: At that time secretary general of the provincial government was transferred here, May 7 cadre school!
五七战士：五七道路，走五七道路。
May 7 fighter: May 7 Road, go on that road.
刘加强： 那些干部下来后，白天强制劳动，有些重点还有人守着。
Liu Jiaqiang: Having been transferred there, those cadres were forced to do labor, some with serious problems were
guarded.
汪作民： 当时的省委副书记高志国就关在原来农场的仓库里，和农场的批斗人员关在一起。
Wang Zuomin: The then deputy secretary of the provincial Party committee Gao Zhiguo was locked up in the storehouse
of the farm, together with those targets of criticism and struggle.
57战士： 干校是这样的，分为连、排、班。
May 7 fighter: Cadre schools were divided into company, platoon and team/class.
五七战士：被抓出来的这些走资派，叛徒，特务，反革命分子，这些以莫须有罪名定的罪人, 全部都要弄到农场去斗、批、改。
May 7 fighter: All the caught capitalist-roaders (people in power taking capitalist road), traitors, spies, counter-
revolutionaries---the fabricated offenders, were sent to the farm for struggle-criticism-transformation.
刘加强：晚上批斗，天天晚上批斗，排着队。
Liu Jiaqiang: Every evening was for criticism-struggle meeting, the offenders stood in line.
汪作民： 他们也批判、斗争、游街。游街的时候我们也看到，比如，知名的作家赵季康，《五朵金花》的编剧，他挂个牌子。
Wang Zuomin: They were also criticized, struggled and paraded through streets. We saw them when
they were paraded. For instance, the well-known writer Zhao Jikang, screenwriter of
<<>> , was tied with a plate on his neck.
57战士：挂着大牌子，你是走资派就是走资派，你是叛徒，就是叛徒，多大的牌子用铁丝挂着，我们都整过的。
May 7 fighter: Tied with a big plate, noted differently according to what you were: capitalist-roader, traitor, etc.
However big a plate, it was just tied with a wire on the victim’s neck. We all did such things.
李泽衡： 我跟那个《五朵金花》的赵季康一样的去游街。我们的街不是什么街，就是农场的场部。从长塘子游到场部是两公里，就从那转一大圈敲着锣，我们没有锣，就是敲铜盆。说自己是牛鬼蛇神，反党反社会主义的牛鬼蛇神。自己咒骂自己。你要是叫的轻，后面的脚就蹬过来了。为了减少皮肉之苦，你只要叫。
Li Zeheng: Together with Zhao Jikang, the screenwriter of <>, I was also paraded through streets,
but ours was not a real street, just the farm headquarters. It was two kilos’ parading fromChangtangzi to the headquarters. Having no gong, we had to strike brass basin in the parade saying that we were monsters and demons, all kinds of anti-Party and socialism class enemies, cursing ourselves. If your voice was low, the feet would strike you from behind. So, to lessen the physical pain, you had to shout loud.
57战士：斗批改时，从昆明拉下来三个领导干部，一个是宣传部部长王甸，一个是党校的副校长梁维州，
May 7 fighter: In the period of struggle-criticism-transformation, three leading cadres were driven there, among them one was Wang Dian, minister of Publicity Ministry, another was vice-president of Party school Liang Weizhou.
57战士：边斗边打，活活打死。活活打死的。
May 7 fighter: All the way they were struggled and beaten, beaten dead alive, simply beaten dead alive.
57战士：哪一个人不想好好表现革命啊。
May 7 fighter: Which person did not want to show how revolutionary he/she was (in the beating)?
57战士：就在东风农场打死的。
May 7 fighter: They were beaten dead just in the Dongfeng Farm.
赵汉科：群众专政是不讲政策的。
Zhao Hanke: There was no policy in mass-dictatorship.
57战士：这个时候右派我们看见他们，他们都不敢抬头看我们。右派中间有两个是我的老同事，我说我到处眼睛看你们，找不到你们？农场赶街的时候，她说：远远看到你时，我就躲起来。我们怎么敢看你，你看我们是什么人啊。
May 7 fighter: In that period when we saw rightists, they dared not raise head to look at us. Among them two were my old
colleagues. I said : “I looked for you everywhere but why no see?” Later, going to the farm fair, she said: “when seeing you from distance, I hid myself far. How dared we look at you? What kind of people we were in your eyes!”
胡杰问：你们见了五七战士，他们和你们打招呼吗？
Hu Jie asked: When you saw May 7 fighters, did they greet you?
汪作民：一个也不理，谁也不理谁，当时人与人之间的关系是很紧张的，那不是多找麻烦吗。
我们右派之间一般来说也不说，熟悉的，住在一个房间里的才交谈，跟其他队的一般也不说话。
Wang Zuomin: No, none of them did. At that time relationship between people was quite tense and who would have
wished for trouble? Usually, we rightists seldom talked to each other, only those familiar living in the same
room did a bit talking, but did not talk to those of other teams. (23/7, Thur.)
冯永琪：早上先唱大海航行靠舵手，唱完后就是早请示，他们是跪着，而且有些人还要叫他们披上麻布，他们怎么能够像我们站着早请示晚汇报，跪一排啊 ！我们连队就和他们右派连队隔的不远啊。就东风农场那个地方，有上千的干部是五七战士，还有这么多的右派啊。早上请示他们得跪着请示，晚上的汇报跪着汇报。还有经常听到打的啊啊的叫喊哭。那时候最喜欢对右派采取的比如：你打了牛了，这就是右派阶级斗争的新动向。你发明个打牛，在牛身上出气是吗？！发泄你的仇恨, 你的不满。明天又是哪的花生被偷了一点，他们太惨了，挖点花生吃，也是阶级斗争新动向。谁偷的，谁就被吊着斗。其余所有的人都上来批啊打啊，
Feng Yongqi: In the morning was the song (referring to Mao), after that was ‘morning for instruction’ (studying the teaching in Mao’s works). They (the victims) did that kneeling and some people ordered them to put on sackcloth. How could they do the ‘morning for instruction’ and ‘evening report (usually criticizing oneself to Mao’s portrait) in standing way like us? A line of them kneeling! Our company was not far from that of rightists. Just in the place of the farm, about thousand of cadres were May 7 fighters, along with so many rightists. While kneeling for ‘morning instruction’ and ‘evening report’ they were often heard crying from the beating. The most usual way to treat the rightists was: when they hit a cattle, it was thought of new trends of class struggle----you create a way to vent your anger on cattle, vent your hostility, your dissatisfaction----.
And the next day some peanuts were found stolen…they were so miserable. To get a few peanuts to eat
was considered new movement of class struggle. He who stole peanuts was to be struggled by hanging, while all the rest went up to criticize and beat him.
解传宝：我们是挂牌的监督生产人员。
Xie Chuanbao: We were production supervisor with plate tied on our neck.
王元庆：我就是每天挂着一块，死不悔改的右派的大板板
Wang Yuanqing: Everyday I carried a big plate on neck with the words---stubborn-to-death rightist.
57战士：整个干校就是这样，然后举行点联欢晚会，永远唱不完的样板戏。其他的歌不敢唱啊。
May 7 fighter: The whole cadre school was like that, just with an occasional evening party, everlasting typical operas,
other songs nobody dared sing.
胡同增：哪些人在文化大革命受到的冲击最厉害呢？就是我们这些难友当中早期摘了帽子的人。
Hu Tongzeng: What kind of people were lashed the most? Among us fellow sufferers, it was those whose labels of rightist
were cast off in early stage.
解传宝：好像自己摘帽了，就是人民内部了，他们就稍微放肆了一点，
Xie Chuanbao: They had a bit unbridled behavior thinking that with the label removed/cast off, they were already among the
people, not enemies.
胡同增：他们认为他们可以得到彻底平反。
Hu Tongzeng: They thought that they could get a complete redress/rehabilitation.
解传宝：军队一入农场，就把他们管理起来。
Xie Chuanbao: With troops getting to the farm, they were administered by the army men.
汪作民：林彪提出来备战，大概是备战的要求，把农垦系统的国营农场改编为军垦，就是中国人民解放军生产建设兵团。弥勒县的东风农场70年3月份，当时改编成云南生产建设兵团4师17团，原来的场部就变成团部，原来的生产队就变成连队，原来的生产队长就变成连长，原来的农工就成为战士，那么，摘掉帽子的成什么呢？摘掉帽子的成农场的职工，还戴着帽子的就是兵团的编外人员，你在编外，但是要干活。
Wang Zuomin: Lin Biao (Vice Party Chairman during the C.R.) advanced preparation for war, probably it was the need of Lin’s instruction, the state-run farms in agricultural reclamation field got reorganized to military reclamation
i.e. Production and Construction Corps of PLAC (People’s Liberation Army of China) Dongfeng Farm in Mile county was reorganized to Yunnan Production and Construction Corps, 17th regiment of 4th division in March of 1970. The former farm headquarters changed to regiment’s and the original production team became company and the former production team head became company commander, the former agricultural workers became fighters. But, what did those become whose rightist labels were removed? They became staff and workers while those with labels became non-permanent staff. Non-permanent, but they had to work.
57战士：斗批改整了两年多时间，
May 7 fighter: The ‘struggle-criticism-transformation’ went on for over two years.
吴德本：大概一年多两年，下放知识青年就来了。
Wu Deben: Around over one or two years, school graduates were transferred there. (24/7, Fr.)
（上海 唱歌）：我们都是来自五湖四海，为了一个共同的革命目标走到一起来了。
(Shanghai Singing) We come from all corners of the land, for a common revolutionary objective we’ve come together.
季志刚：（上海知青 ）在那个年代，像我们学校刚刚毕业，你必须要走这条路，接受贫下中农再教育，你不去也不行，不去上海有很多工作组，敲锣打鼓到你家做思想工作。
Ji Zhigang: (school leaver from Shanghai) In those years, we fresh school graduates had to go that way, to receive reeducation from the poor and lower-middle peasants. It was impossible to refuse since in Shanghai there were many work teams that came to your house for ideological persuasion with drums and gongs.
刘家强：知青主要来自上海、重庆、成都、昆明、北京，这部分知青有1500人。
Liu Jiaqiang: School leavers came mainly from Shanghai, Chongqing, Chengdu, Kunming, Beijing, 1,500 people.
赵汉科：知青和我们搭了10年，70年知青来。
Zhao Hanke: The school leavers stayed with us for 10 years, they came in 1970.
刘家强：这些知青，你本来叫他到农村，接受贫下中农在教育，还可以理解，本来这个农场就是一个改造单位，你把这些知青搞到这里来。
Liu Jiaqiang: It was understandable that the school graduates were got there to receive reeducation since the farm itself was
a unit for thought reform.
金雅美：（上海知青 ）：火车汽笛一叫的时候，那心里离家的感觉，大家都，那时，场景也是很悲的，我们都流眼泪了，我们做了两夜三天的火车到了昆明。
Jin Yamei : (school leaver from Shanghai) While the steam whistle rang, our feelings for leaving home…oh, quite sad, we
shed tears. We got to Kunmin by train in two nights and three days.
杨校长：知青来了以后那就热闹多了，知青来了以后，这些右派，当地的富农，地主，这些知青就拿他们出气。
Headmaster Yang: With the school leavers coming, it was much more exciting. And they vented their anger on the rightists,
the local rich farmers and the landlords.
金雅美：（上海知青 ）农场盖了很多新房子，专门给我们知青住的，我们知青住的比较集中，都在新房子里。
Jin Yamei: Many new houses were built in the farm specially for us school leavers, so we lived relatively closer, all in
the new houses. (25/7, Sat.)
赵汉科：来的就是兵团了，到连队的政治干部都是现役军人。
Zhao Hanke: Those who came were production and construction corps made up of school leavers, but the political cadres having come to the company were all servicemen. -----------------
金雅美：因为农场的教育气氛，在我们知青里老是讲他们有多坏多坏，这方面农场对我们的教育是蛮多的。
Jin Yamei: Due to the educational atmosphere in the farm, we school leavers were often told how bad they (rightists) were, that kind of teaching the farm gave us was quite much.
刘家强：很多知青到农场，接受贫下中农在教育，是写下血书的。咬破手指写下血书的。扎根农村一辈子的誓言连篇啊。
Liu Jiaqiang: Many school leavers wrote a letter in their own blood for the reeducation from the poor and lower-middle peasants and the oath we wrote to strike root all their life in the countryside was one after another.
吴德本：文化大革命期间，把右派当成五类分子，五类分子是阶级斗争的对象。
Wu Deben: During the Cultural Revolution the rightists were taken as one of the five kinds of people: landlords, rich farmers, counter-revolutionaries, bad elements, and rightists. Those five kinds of people were the target of class struggle.
金雅美：那时候，学这些东西以后，像这种概念还是比较清楚的。
Jin Yamei: Then, after learning about those things, such a concept was quite clear in our mind.
吴德本：抓革命要促生产，抓革命促生产是咋个抓法呢？
Wu Deben: To grasp revolution was to promote production, but how to do it?
金雅美；每次春耕之前，都要以阶级斗争为纲，都要弄几个典型右派来开批斗会。
Jin Yamei: Before each spring plowing, we had to keep class struggle as the key link and got a few typical rightists
for criticism and struggle.
吴德本：要抓到地、富、反、坏、右这些人来斗争。
Wu Deben: It was necessary to catch some landlords, rich farmers, counter-revolutionaries, bad elements and
rightists for struggle.
金雅美：要以阶级斗争为纲你的春耕才做得好，不以阶级斗争为纲，你的春耕就做不好。
Jin Yamei: With the class struggle as the key link, your spring plowing could be done well, if not, out of the question.
吴德本：斗争了过后促进生产，来把生产哄起来。
Wu Deben: After struggle it was to promote production, to have production stired.
金雅美：当时就是这样一个形式，也是这样一个背景，我们连队也是这样，整个农场都是这样，要开上几次批斗会。
Jin Yamei: It was such a situation then, such a background. It was the same with our company, with the whole farm
that several struggle meetings were needed for spring plowing.
孙梓川：二营要开斗争会。
Sun Zichuan: The second battalion would start a struggle meeting.
金雅美：那些老右也习惯了，反正春耕之前要拖几个人上去斗一斗。
Jin Yamei: Those rightists were used to it that by spring lowing a few rightists would be dragged there for struggle.
孙梓川：把他捆起来，结果那两个知青就不动，不动他就亲自上来把我捆起来，捆起来以后我说：你们不符合政策这做法，他就上来就是，什么政策，什么政策。就打了我几个嘴巴。
Sun Zichuan: Hearing the order “Bind him”, the two school leavers did not move. So the man who ordered approached in
person and tied me up. After being tied up, I said: “your action is against the policy.” At this, he went up again and clapped me a few times, saying: “ What policy, what policy?!”
金雅美：你在什么时候做错了什么事，他都有理由让你上去批斗一下.。
Jin Yamei: Whenever you did whatever wrong thing, he would take that as the reason for you to be struggled at a meeting.
孙梓川；送到二营，到了地方，就看到有7、8 个人排队都是右派，就上来一个四川重庆的知识青年，这个人现在我还记得名字，叫白占华。
Sun Zichuan: When sent to the second battalion, we saw seven or eight people in a line, all rightists. At this, a school leaver from Chongqing (Sichuan province) went up. I still remember his name, Bai Zhanhua.
汪作民：他认为你哪句话说的不对要批判你，（就说）伟大领袖毛主席教导我们：凡是反动的东西，凡是毒草都应批判。
Wang Zuomin: When thinking any words you said wrong, he would criticize you saying: “ Our great leader Chairman Mao
teaches us: all the counter-revolutionaries, all poison weeds must be criticized.
金雅美：每个连队就这么一排排坐着，前面放了一个桌子，斗到谁，那右派就站在台上低着头，有的时候还弄两个人押着他。
Jin Yamei: Every company were sitting there row after row with a desk in the front. When it was his turn, the rightist
had to stand on the desk, head lowering, and sometimes with two people escorting. (27/7, Mon.)
汪作民： “革命不是请客吃饭…”，他读这一段，这个他马上可以斗争你了，打你了“跪下来！”
Wang Zuomin: “Revolution is no invitation to dinner…” he read aloud that paragraph (in the quotation of Mao’s works)
With this, he had the right to struggle against you, beat you. “ Kneel down!”
孙梓川：他上来，一个人打一个嘴巴打过去，从头打到尾，打了后又是一脚，就是这样就叫斗争会。
Sun Zichuan: They went up to clap you, one after another, from the first to the last person, then gave you a kick, that was
the class struggle.
金雅美：我们知青，在农场的政治待遇还是比较高的，但是那个气氛给人一种恐惧感。
Jin Yamei: We school leavers had relatively high political treatment, but the atmosphere gave us a sense of terror.
吴德本：他说：我今天要教训你一下。
Wu Deben: He said: “ I will give you a lesson today.”
金雅美：我们也不叫白色恐怖，总是感觉到你必须要干。
Jin Yamei: We did not call it white terror but always thought you had to do it anyway.
吴德本：“你对右派的错误你没有认识，我今天要教训你一下。”
Wu Deben: “You do not yet understand the rightists’ mistakes, so I must give you a lesson.”
金雅美：你在农场，在那个环境下，你不干也要干，连队有这么多田，秧不插下去是不行的，他总有方法把这些田插下去。
Jin Yamei: You were in the farm, in that situation, you had to do though you did not want to. There was so much land
in the company, seedlings had to be transplanted. They always had some way to have it done.
吴德本：因为我被捆起来了，他就从我背后一拳 ，打得我，我就向前倒下去了。
Wu Deben: Since I was tied, he gave me a punch on my back, which sent me fall.
金雅美：我们一个连队有2000多亩水稻田，春耕的季节很短，要奋战一个月，一定要把秧全部插下去。
Jin Yamei: We had more than 2,000 rice/paddy fields in our company. Spring plowing season was very short, so we had to
fight bravely for a month so as to by all means transplant all seedlings.
吴德本：倒下去，就倒在他那个办公的桌子边边上，把我的三颗牙齿整掉了。
Wu Deben: I fell down to the edge of his desk, which made my three teeth drop.
金雅美：整个春耕我们知青很辛苦，从来没受过这么大的苦。
Jin Yamei: In the whole period of spring plowing we school leavers went through great hardships which we had never
had in the past.
吴德本：那个血呀，就喷了一衣服，一嘴，
Wu Deben: The blood gushed out to all over my coat and mouth.
金雅美：那是大干红五月，那个时候整个连队是上上下下总动员的。
Jin Yamei: It was “go all out in the red May”, the whole company was aroused high and low.
吴德本：他还不认为满意，他把我的头发抓住，把我，连续做了若干次把我做的跪在地上，头发也扯掉了一嘬。
Wu Deben: Not yet satisfied, he grasped my hair and made me kneel on the ground a few times running, a tuft of my hair
pulled down.
金雅美：除了开誓师大会，动员大会，批斗大会，就把这些人从这个角度调动起来，
Jin Yamei: Besides the gathering for making oath, mobilizing and criticizing-struggling, all the victims were mustered
from every corner.
吴德本：他说：把他放掉，那两个打手就把我放掉，放掉过后，他说：你回去好好地反省，明天给我写一个反省材料。
Wu Deben: He said: “ Let him go” and the two hatchet men did so. After that he said: “ Go back for a good introspection
and write it on paper.
金雅美：另外一方面再从入党，入团，我们叫火线入党、入团。对我们知青从这方面教育比较多。
Jin Yamei: On the other hand, we school leavers were educated through the admission of the Party and the Youth
League which we called joining the Party and the Youth league at the battlefront, more education from that.
吴德本；东风农场，类似我这样的事情的人，那还多的很。
Wu Deben: In Dongfeng Farm, people with similar events like mine were quite many.
徐鸿康：（上海知青 ）这是我们最早的一张照片，1972年6月15号，东方农场，我才17岁，
Xu Hongkang: (school leaver from Shanghai) This is the earliest picture of us, June 15, 1972, Dongfeng Farm, I was 17.
徐夫人：（上海知青 ）我们俩个经常接触，被他们看到像捉贼，看到了就不得了，我们俩这时认识了，在谈朋友，现在说谈朋友，我们经常在一起，他就说：我们乱搞男女关系。就给我们戴坏分子的帽子。
Mrs. Xu: (school leaver from Shanghai) We two often got in touch with each other, and when seen by them, we felt as if being caught like thieves, serious problem. We became known and dated. We were often together, and he (a leader) said that we acted recklessly in man-woman relationship/sex, thus, a label of bad elements was put on us.
金雅美：除了劳动，就是晚上政治学习，学毛主席语录，学些政治上的东西。
Jin Yamei: Apart from labor, there was evening political study---study of the quotation of Mao’s works and something
on politics.
徐鸿康：（上海知青 ）共产党的本事大在哪里？大在就那么一点，不知右派给你谈过没有，你没帽子给你加顶帽子，你头上没角给你加个角，屁股上没尾巴给你装条尾巴，就这么整你，
Xu Hongkang: (school leaver from Shanghai) Where is CP’ s great ability shown? Actually, just a little, I wonder if rightists
have told you about it, for example, when you have no cap, they put one on you, if you have no horn, they give you one, seeing you have no tail on buttocks, they fix one for you, just attack you this way.
徐夫人：我也有给他们绑、打，给他们绑起来的时候，关在仓库里，就是粮食仓库里。
Mrs. Xu: I also had the time being tied and beaten by them, locked in the storehouse, storehouse of grain.
金雅美：整知青也整的很厉害，
Jin Yamei: School leavers were attacked severely as well.
徐鸿康：当时情况考虑到，不能正式结婚，正式结婚了万一回不了上海，那就同居吧，同居他也不承认你是同居，说你是乱搞男女关系，
Xu Hongkang: In the then situation, in fear of being unable to return to Shanghai, we dared not get married formally, so we merely lived together/cohabited, but they did not accept that and blamed us for reckless action in sex.
金雅美：我们的保卫干事，把知青打得一塌糊涂，他就是屈打成招，打了你你就要招，你不招他就打。
Jin Yamei: The man in charge of defense beat the school leavers so bad that it made them confess to false charges under torture. You had to confess, otherwise they would go on beating.
徐夫人：都是这些军人，连长什么的，都是军人干的，军人指挥的，军人指挥老乡。
Mrs. Xu: It was all the army men, company commanders or the like. All the bad things were done and directed by the army men/servicemen, they directed the fellow villagers to do.
徐鸿康: 1972年，12月29号，整个东风农场，整个东风农场，开宣判大会，宣判我和我老婆两个人，当时的罪名是，一个是乱搞男女关系，一个是小偷小摸。
Xu hongkang: On Dec.29, 1972, in the whole Dongfeng Farm there was a announcing-judgment gathering on which my wife and I were charged with, firstly, reckless action in sex, secondly, theft.
金雅美：我们吃完饭休息的时候，路过一个会议室，看到一个知青，反吊，两只手用绳子吊起来，倒吊在梁上，吊知青，一个知青姓徐的叫徐红康。
Jin Yamei: While having a rest after a meal, we walked past a meeting room and there we saw a school leaver tied up to
roof beam down-headed, his name was Xu Hongkang.
季志刚：（上海知青 ）你知道五花大绑是怎么绑的，拿着一个绳子往肩膀上一搭，然后把绳子绕起来，绕起来，不是和电视上演的一样吗? 然后绳子一收。
Ji Zhigang: (school leaver from Shanghai) “Do you know how to do wuhuadabang? It is placing a rope on the victim’s shoulder, then coiling the rope up and up around the body and finally drawing the rope in.
徐鸿康：很简单就这么绑，打也不要打你，你吃得消吗，我告诉你要绑的紧的话，半个小时你就昏掉。
Xu Hongkang: It is simple just to tie you that way, no need to beat you, but can you bear it? I tell you, if bound tight, in half
an hour, you will lose consciousness.
金雅美：这样吊下去人会吊死的，我们和开会的知青一商量，我们就跑到那时候连队的警卫排，我们就敲警卫排排长的门，我们就讲，他犯了什么法，你们该怎么处理，不要吊，这样吊会出性命的，后来排长看我们给他提意见，他就叫了警通排的几个民兵，把他从梁上放了下来，
Jin Yamei: If hanged that way on and on, he would die. After a discussion with the school leavers for a meeting, we ran to the guard platoon of the company. Having knocked the door, we said that they could handle whatever offence he had made, but should not hang him that way for it would make him die. Later, thinking of our opinion, the platoon leader told a few militias to put him down from the roof beam.
徐鸿康：你看我这个手，就是绳子绑断的，这小子当时还看着我。
Xu Hongkang: Look at my hand, it was bound by the rope and that guy was guarding me.
季志刚：我拿着一把枪看着他，
JI Zhigang: I watched him with a gun.
徐鸿康：你看我的手一粗一细。
Xu Hongkang: Look at my hands, one thick and one thin.
武贵英：（重庆知青 ）把那个棕绳啊，用水浸泡，泡过以后再绑，让绳子慢慢慢慢的干，就越勒越紧。
Wu Guiying: (school leaver from Chongqing, Sichuan province) First soak the coir rope in water and then use it to bind,
letting the rope dry bit by bit and the strap will grow tighter and tighter.
徐鸿康：绑了整整15天，不给我睡觉，整天站着。
Xu Hongkang: Bound there for fifteen days on end, no sleep, I stood all day long.
金雅美：他一放下那两个手根本都回不来，还是反在后面的，后来就给他点水喝，那个碗都是破的。
Jin Yamei: When placed down, he could not get his hands normal, still at the back. Later he was given a little water to drink
but the bowl was sort of broken.
徐鸿康：后来，我们连队的王泽民是个老右派，他专门是学军医的，以前部队里学军医的，给我打针吃药后来才好的。
Xu Hongkang: Wang Zemin in our company was an old rightist majoring in medicine in the army. Later I got well after he gave me an injection and medicine.
金雅美；那碗破了里面总还有点水嘛，那他手又够不过来，他口很干嘛，可能吊在上面血液的关系，口很干，他就把一个头伸到很破的碗里来喝水。我们那时候看到真的很凄凉，这人不像个人，真有点像畜生一样。
Jin Yamei: Anyway, there was still a bit water in the sort of broken bowl, but he could not reach for it with hands. Tied up for so long, very thirsty, he put his head into the half-broken bowl for drinking. We saw that so sad, he did not look like a person, something like a livestock.
徐鸿康：想起来我真的（哭）。一般我真不掉泪。我想起来心里不知道多难受。
Xu Hongkang: When thinking back, I really (crying), I seldom shed tears, how sad I was when I reviewed that.
徐夫人：我跟猪圈住在一起，隔一个房子，跟猪住在一起。我这个时候也没办法，有什么办法，你是坏分子嘛！我们自己俩个人，自己肚子大了就自己生小孩，很危险的。这个时候没有人，也不敢到医院去，也没有钱嘛，是偷生的。因为正好认识营里头那个医生。
Mrs. Xu: I was enclosed with pigs, a room apart, living with pigs. I had no way out either, what way could I have? I was a
‘bad element’! We two---with an embryo. It was quite risky to give birth by myself. At that time nobody
was there, and I dared not go to hospital and had no money for that. So I gave birth to the child in secret since fortunately, I happened to know the doctor of the battalion.
徐夫人：半夜三更就到那个医生家里敲门。他跟医生说：医生麻烦你，你看我老婆大概要生小孩，你不要跟人家说噢。这个时候悄悄地，叫他不要跟任何人说啊。
Mrs. Xu: Late at night he (my husband) went to knock at the doctor’s door, saying: “ Oh, doctor, sorry to bother you, but you see, my wife is to give birth soon. Please do not tell this to others…” I quietly asked him to keep silent about that.
徐鸿康：叫他以后，他很紧张。我跟他说啦，我讲你无论如何帮帮忙。
Xu Hongkang: My pleading made the doctor quite tense. I said “by all means help us out”
徐夫人：当时我们的想法，想生出来就想把这个小孩送掉。
Mrs. Xu: At that time we thought of giving the baby away after it was born.
徐鸿康：他也会接生，那么他就来，正好那个时候我老婆要生啦。
Xu Hongkang; He(the doctor) was also able to deliver, so he came just at the time my wife was having her baby soon.
徐夫人：小孩不是要哇哇哭了嘛，我也害怕这个时候，说老实话很害怕，拿被子把他盖起来，又不敢蒙住他，就这样盖着。实在没办法，生下来也就算了。到后来个个都知道，传开来啦，传了很开，说我生小孩，生小孩嘛我就生小孩。
Mrs. Xu: As all infants will cry, I feared that time, very much. I covered it with a quit but dared not cover its head. We just covered it there, no other way. Let it be born. And later everyone got to know about that and it
spread widely that I gave birth to a baby. Yes, I did, so what?
问： 这就你是吧？
Question: This is you, yes?
金雅美：对。
Jin Yamei: Yes.
问： 你在指着什么呢？
Question: What were you pointing to? (28/7, Tue.)
金雅美：指着我们农场一大片土地嘛。从1974年我就提为党委副书记，一直到我走的时候。这段时间，即使我干部下到连队去，只是在田埂上走走，看看。像那个生活就要好多呢。每个连队都有个民兵班，每个分场都有一个民兵连。那个时候叫什么？叫全民皆兵。那个时候，整个农场是民兵团。
Jin Yamei: Pointing to a large tract of land in our farm. From 1974 I was promoted to deputy secretary of Party committee and I remained in that position till my leaving. In that period, even if I went down to companies, I just walked on ridges, looking around. That kind of life was much easier/better. There was a militia class in every company, in every branch of the farm there was a militia company. What was it called then? It was called ‘every citizen a soldier’ . In that period the whole farm was a militia regiment.
（唱）‘军民团结如一人，试看天下谁能敌。’
(singing) If the army and the people are united as one, who in the world can match them?” (Mao’s words)
孙梓川：后来改成建设兵团，建设兵团来的这些干部就有问题啦。
Sun zichuan: It was later changed to construction corps and the cadres from the corps had problems.
徐夫人：军人最坏啦！
Mrs. Xu: The worst were the servicemen/army men.
徐鸿康：搞就是这些军人搞的。
Xu Hongkang: All the bad things were done by the army men.
徐夫人：军人他自己也搞我们这些知青。把肚子搞大了，他自己也在乱搞。他还来搞你。
Mrs. Xu: The servicemen themselves did us school leavers, making girls pregnant. He himself acted recklessly in sex and
in turn, he should have attacked you!
孙梓川：很多女青年都被他们奸污啦。
Sun Zichuan: Many female youngsters were raped by them.
（唱）我们共产党人，好比种子，人民好比土地，我们到了一个地呀方，就要和那里的人民结合起来。
(singing) We communists are like seeds while people are like land. When arriving somewhere, we should integrate with
the people there. (Mao’s words)
王元庆：上海知青遭踏的更多了。因为上海知青比较娇嫩。
Wang Yuanqing: More school leavers from Shanghai were raped for they looked comparatively tender and lovely.
王元庆：从书记、队长没有那一个不是无恶不作。
Wang Yuanqing: From secretaries to team leaders, all of them stopped at nothing in doing evil.
金雅美：唯一的出路就是表现好点。农场把你送出去，表现好一点农场能把你送出去。只能是这种形式。我们连队以前有个叫赵福运，那个眼睛大大的人，那个时候说他用报纸上厕所，那个报纸后面正好是毛主席像嘛，后来就把他关起来，他真的是很惨，打的很厉害。因为他挨打的时候都关在一个小房子里面。他农场专门有一个班叫民兵班，这民兵班就是专门搞这些事情的。
Jin Yamei: The only way out for us was to behave better so that the farm could permit you to leave, the only way was that. There was one in our company whose name was Zhao Fuyun, a man with large eyes. It was said then that in the toilet he used a newspaper the back of which happened to be a portrait of Chairman Mao. He was later shut up, very pitiful, beaten severely, locked in a small room. There was a special class called militia class and that class
did simply that kind of things.
赵福运：我被关着很长时间。后来春天来啦，他们提出来，要我干劳动，就放出来干劳动，这样的话头发长的几个月啦，胡子、头发都长的像鬼一样，然后怎么样呢？他们拿着热水瓶里的水啊，直接往头上浇，烫啊。
Zhao Fuyun: I was locked up for a long time. Later when spring came, they proposed that I do labor and thus released me for that. The long time being locked up made my hair and beard quite long, I looked like a ghost. What happened then? They used the water in a thermos and directly poured it out on my head, so hot!
问： 为什么要给你浇到头上？
Question: Why did they pour it on your head?
赵福运：浇，给你理发。
Zhao Fuyun: “pour, to give you a haircut.”
金雅美：押着他上厕所，押着给他吃饭。
Jin Yamei: He was escorted to toilet and to meals.
赵福运：其实那时候就是没整死你，想着法就这么整你。
Zhao Fuyun: Actually I was merely not attacked to death, but they thought of every means to attack me.
赵妻： 我怕他出问题在里边嘛。当时搞那个运动，死的人很多，就是受不了他那个东西，把他吊在大梁上，开斗争会。我带着孩子，背着一个抱着一个，旁边坐着老大，就坐在第一排，就看着他还吊在梁上，有的就受不了，呀，我受不了就承认。但是，他不承认，他死都不承认。
Zhao’s wife: I worried that something would happen to him since he was shut in. In the movement then many people died, simply because of being unable to endure those tortures. He was suspended to the big roof beam, together with struggle meetings for him. I took care of our kids, carrying one on back and holding one with arms. My older kid was just sitting by me, in the first row, watching him hanged there on the roof beam. Some victims could not endure that, saying: “ Oh, I can not stand it, I confess (what they in fact did not do)…” But he did not yield, at the risk of his death.
金雅美：他找的老婆是个旧知青。
Jin Yamei: He got a wife from the past school leavers.
知青：噢，是个旧知青，我还不知道。
School leaver: Ah, an old school leaver, I did not know.
金雅美：对啊。是个旧知青。
Jin Yamei: Yes, she was an old school leaver.
赵妻：结婚了，我就觉得他，一是东北人，那么远来到这里，举目无亲。一个人太可怜啦，挺可怜的。实际上有点同情，有点可怜，有点那
个，喜欢嘛, 就是这样就结婚了。我家里都反对。
Zhao’s wife: We got married. I just felt that he, a man from the Northeast, came from so far an area, having no one to turn to, so poor to be alone. Actually I had sort of sympathy, felt sorry for him, and, that kind of feelings…. One word, I liked him and thus got married, though all my family were against it. (29/7, Wed)
