This is a separate series from"The Chinese Cultural Revolution," Mr. Mu's book,
which is being published here serially.
“中美技术合作所” 与“渣滓洞监狱”的故事
作者：张目
Story of the“Sino-US Technical Collaboration Institute”and “Zhazi Cave Jail”
Author: Zhang Mu
一、“中美合作所集中营美蒋罪行展览馆”改为“歌乐山革命纪念馆”
1. “Sino-US Collaboration Institute Prison Camp and the Crime Exhibition of the US and Jiang” was Changed to “Geleshan Revolutionary Monument”
中美两国合作共同对日作战，1942～1946年在重庆设立的“中美特种技术合作所”。中共中央宣传部在1962年把这里改造并命名为“中美合作所集中营美蒋罪行展览馆”，作为反美宣传和“爱国主义”教育基地。
China and US cooperated to common fight against Japan, from 1942 to 1948 set up “the US special technical collaboration institute” in Chongqing. The Propaganda Department of the CCP Central Committee transformed here and named it to be “the Sino-US Collaboration Institute Prison Camp and the Crime Exhibition of the US and Chiang”, took it as anti-American propaganda and "patriotic" education base.
重庆的歌乐山“中美特种技术合作所”旧址，自从中共建政以来一直被命名为“中美合作所集中营美蒋罪行展览馆”，该名称用了近半个世纪。因为这里的老地名叫“渣滓洞”，人们又把这里俗称“渣滓洞监狱”或者“渣滓洞集中营”。由于经过中共多年的宣传，这些名称“中美合作所”、“美蒋罪行展览馆”、“渣滓洞监狱”在中国大陆几乎可以说是家喻户晓了。
There was a “the Sino-US Special Technical Collaboration Institute” former site in Chongqing's Geleshan. Since the Chinese Communist Party established government, This side has been named as “the Sino-US Collaboration Institute Prison Camp and the Crime Exhibition of the US and Chiang”, this name has used near half century. Because here the old geographic name was “Zhazi Cave”, so the people called the place “Zhazi Cave Jail”or “Zhazi Camp” as the popular name. These names of the “Sino-US Collaboration Institute”, “Crime Exhibition of the US and Jiang”, “Zhazi Cave Jail”, as a result of after Chinese Communist many year propagandas, in mainland China may say that is widely known.
可是，1984年当局又把它改名为“歌乐山革命纪念馆”。
But, recently in 1984 the authority changed its name to “Geleshan Revolutionary Monument”.
1984年中共把原来命名已经近40年了的“中美合作所集中营美蒋罪行展览馆”重新改名为“歌乐山革命纪念馆”（又叫歌乐山烈士陵园）， 邓小平题写园名。
In 1984, Chinese Communist took original name of “the Sino-US Collaboration Institute Prison Camp and the Crime Exhibition of the US and Chiang” which has used almost 40 years to change as “Geleshan Revolutionary Monument”. Deng Xiaoping wrote the Monument Park name.
大家想想，这原因应该是很清楚。中共经过多年的宣传、教育，人们头脑中，美国就是“全世界人民最凶恶的敌人—美帝国主义”，国民党就是“人民公敌”“剥削人民、压迫人民的反动派”，这个“中美特种技术合作所”的“中”就是国民党的中国政府，“美”就是美帝国主义，这两者“合作”，青面獠牙的狰狞面目很自然就形成了。
Everybody kows this reason clearly. After many years propagandas and education by the Chinese Communist Party, so in the people brains, the US is “the world people roguest enemy - US imperialism”, Kuomintang is “the people's public enemy” and “exploits the people, to oppress people's reactionary clique”. In the name of “the Sino-US Special Technical Collaboration Institute”, the “Sino(China)” means Kuomintang's the Chinese government, the “US” is the US imperialism, both of the two “cooperation”, the image with green face and ferocious fangs (ferocious features) was formed very naturally.
中共在1950和1960年代，歪曲事实，颠倒黑白，对人民进行欺骗性和煽动性的“打倒美帝国主义”的宣传。在中国大陆，“美国”这个名词，成为了罪恶、阴谋与破坏的象征。
The Chinese Communist in 1950s and 1960s, distorted the facts , confuse right and wrong, Carried on the fraudulence and seditious “overthrows the US imperialism” propaganda to the people. In mainland China, this noun “American” or “United States”, had become the symbol of the evil, plot and the destruction.
例如，1950年12月26日《人民日报》题为《揭发美帝对中国农业上的阴谋与破坏》（作者不详）文章说:
For example, on December 26, 1950, “The People's Daily” published an article in which the topic was to "Reveal American imperialists’ conspiracy and the destruction of “Chinese agriculture” (author is unclear)，it said:
美帝对中国军事、政治、经济、文化各方面的阴谋，几乎都采取同一的公式。譬如在这里，它以“农村复兴”的堂皇借口作伪装，……原来这所谓“农村复兴”的工作又是“中美合作所”的特务工作的另一系统。……什么叫做“中美农业技术合作团”呢？不必解释，当我们一看到“中美”两字之下，再加上一个“合作”时，早已咬牙切齿了！然而这又是所谓“为了中国农民的利益”而搞出来的呢！
The U.S. imperialistic conspiracy on China's military, political, economic and cultural aspects, almost all adopt the same formula. For example, here it used the "rural renaissance" as the grand excuse for camouflage. Originally this so-called “rural renaissance” work was also another form of the spy-agents’ system of “the Sino-U.S. Cooperation Institute”,……What is the so-called “Sino-U.S. Joint Agricultural Technology Cooperation Mission”? Needless to say, at the sight of the word "Sino-U.S.", add on “cooperation”, we already gnash teeth in hatred! However this so-called also applies “for the Chinese farmer's benefit”!
更不用说，中共动用各种媒体工具，特别地对“中美特种技术合作所”的“杀害革命志士”这种说法进行多年的大力宣传，造成的影响之大，是可想而知了。
Need not to mention， that many years the Chinese Communist Party used each kind of media to specially propaganda such information “the Sino-US Collaboration Institute kills the revolutionary fighters” vigorously, so it created very large scale impact, could be imagined.
如今人们听到“中美技术合作”的字眼再也不会“毛骨悚然”了，大概因为现在的“中”是中共的“中”，“美”是“改革开放”后的“美”了吧？（例如“中美工业技术合作协议”、 “中美大气科学技术合作协议”于1979年由美中两国签署、“中美核技术合作”第四次联委会暨工作组会议2007年5月在美国首都华盛顿召开、“中美核技术合作研讨会”2007年8月在北京举行、“中美产业技术合作”高峰论坛2007年10月在深圳举行……）
Now people hear the the words of "Sino-US technical cooperation" are no longer "absolutely terrified", probably because it is now “Sino” means Communist "China", "the US" is the after "reform and opening" a new “US"? (For example, the "Sino-US industrial and technological cooperation agreement", "Sino-US atmosphere science and technology cooperation agreement" in the United States signed by the two countries in 1979; the "Sino-US cooperation in nuclear technologies" and the fourth of the working group meeting in May 2007 held in Washington, DC; the "Sino-US seminar on nuclear technology cooperation" in August 2007 held in Beijing, "China-US cooperation in industrial technology Summit Forum” in October 2007 hold in Shenzhen……)
现在，再很难维持“中美特种技术合作所”把“美蒋”合并在一起宣传、或者“中美特种技术合作所”与“关押和屠杀共产党员和抗日群众”的“集中营”联系在一起宣传了。随着历史资料的“解密”，人们对此真相越来越有所认识，总有一天会大白于天下。
Now, it is difficult to maintain that “Sino-US special technical collaboration institute” to merge “the US and Jiang” propagandizing together, or “the Sino-US special technical collaboration institute” linked with “imprisoned and slaughtered the communists and anti-Japan populaces” and “the concentration camp” to propaganda together. Along with historic information “decipher”, and the people have more understanding of historic truth will one day be revealed to the whole world.
二、动用各种媒体工具对“中美合作所”“罪行”宣传
2. Used each kind of media tool to propagandize the “crime” of the “Sino-US cooperation institute”
各种版本的重庆中美合作所集中营美蒋罪行展览馆简介
Various versions of introductions of the “Chongqing Sino-US Collaboration Institute Prison Camp and the Crime Exhibition of the US and Chiang”
中共利用了几乎所有宣传工具，如小说、戏剧、诗歌、电影、甚至字典等工具书等，将“中美特种技术合作所”宣传成为“蒋美特务重庆对共产党员和抗日群众是大屠杀中心”。
The Chinese Communist has used nearly all media, such as the novel, play, poetry, the movie, reference books, dictionaries and so on, to propagandizethe “the Sino-US special technical collaboration institute” was “a massacre center in Chongqing to communists and the anti-Japanese masses by spies of America and Kuomintang”.
《重庆“中美合作所”集中营美蒋罪行展览馆》1960年代的参观券，这是反美宣传和爱国主义教育基地。
Ticket of the “Chongqing Sino-US Collaboration Institute Prison Camp and the Crime Exhibition of the US and Chiang” in1960s, it was anti-American propaganda and patriotism education base.
下面略举几个进行这种宣传的项目：
Following list only a few of those propaganda projects:
小说《红岩》，罗广斌、杨益言著,中国青年出版社1961年出版。至今已再版60余次,总发行量超过一千万册,被译成多种外文在世界许多国家出版,还被改编成电影、戏剧等。该书被中共中央宣传部、文化部、团中央命名为百部爱国主义教科书。
The novel "Red rock", wrote by Luo Guangbin and Yang Yiyan, published by the Chinese Youth Publishing house in 1961. Until now it has reprinted 60 times, the total quantity issued surpasses 10,000,000 volume, and was translates into many foreign languages sell in many countres, and also reorganized into movies, the plays and so on. This book is named as one of “one hundred patriotism textbookthe” by the Propaganda Department of Central Committee of the CCP, Ministry of Culture, Youth Corps Central Committee.
歌剧《江姐》，1964年由空军政治部歌剧团根据小说《红岩》的故事，创作的7场歌剧《江姐》在全国公演，根据不完全统计，从1964--1965年间，一共上演了286场，创造了中国歌剧史上的奇迹。此后的40年间，空政歌舞团曾经4次复排《江姐》，毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民等三代国家领导人都观看过《江姐》，这在中国歌剧史上是绝无仅有的。
The opera "Sister Jiang", in 1964, according to the novel "Red Rock" story，created and performed by the Opera Troupe of PLA Air Force. By the incomplete statistics, from 1964 to1965, at least it has performed 286 times, created the miracle in the Chinese opera history. Hereafter during 40 years, the Opera Troupe of PLA Air Force once 4 times rehearsed the opera "Sister Jiang", Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin and so on the three generation of national leaders have watched it, this is unique in the Chinese opera history.
电影《烈火中永生》，根据罗广斌、杨益言小说《红岩》改编,北京电影制片厂1965年摄制。
The movie “Eternal Life In Raging Fire", Beijing Film Studio produced in 1965, reorganized and adaptated according to Luo Guangbin and Yang Yiyan’s novel "Red rock".
长篇现代广播评书《红岩魂》袁阔成播讲《红岩魂》,中央人民广播电台1998年重新录制。
The lengthy modern broadcast storytelling "Soul of Red rock", performed by Yuan Kuocheng broadcasts a lecture "Red Rock Soul", the Central People's Broadcasting Station in 1998 recorded.
《重庆“中美特种技术合作所”集中营殉难革命烈士诗抄》，1963年重庆人民出版社编辑，重庆人民出版社出版。
“The Poems Revolutionary martyres in Chongqing ‘Sino-US special technical cooperation’ Concentration Camp”, was edited and published by Chongqing People's Publishing Agency in 1963.
《中国名胜词典》，2002年4月，国家文物局编，上海辞书出版社；《中国近现代历史》，1996年8月，周兴旺编著，中国大百科全书出版社。还有无数的“百科全书”、中小学历史教科书、政治课本、词典等，均有基本上大同小异的对“中美特种技术合作所”的介绍。
“Dictionary of Chinese Scenic spots”, edited by the National Cultural Relic Bureau and published by Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House in April, 2002; "Chinese Modern History", edited by Zhou Xingwang and pubulished by Chinese Encyclopedia Publishing House in August, 1996; and also there were innumerably “encyclopedia”, the elementary and middle schools history textbook, the political textbook, the dictionary and so on, has basically the same introduction about “the Sino-US special technical collaboration institute”.
全国巡回展览《红岩魂——白公馆、渣滓洞革命先烈斗争史展览》。1997年3月13日合肥工业大学附中组织小学三年级以上及初中、高中学生和教职工1500多人参观该展览。1997年5月15～21日，四川省万州市委宣传部与共青团万州市委联合举办该展览。2000年6月28日开始，在北京民族文化宫，为期40天展出。2000年6月29日该展览和报告及演艺活动在北京京西宾馆礼堂举行，当时的中共中央政治局常委、国务院副总理李岚清，中共中央政治局委员、书记处书记、中宣部部长丁关根，中共中央政治局委员、中央军委副主席迟浩田。中共中央政治局候补委员、书记处书记、中组部部长曾庆红与出席中央思想政治工作会议的同志一起出席观看。
There was a Nationwide Tour Exhibition “Soul of Red Rock-- History Exhibition of the struggle of Revolutionary Martyrs in Geleshan(Baigong Hall & Zhazi Cave)". On March 13, 1997, Hefei Industrial University Attached Middle School organized all the students and the teaching and administrative staff more than 1500 people visits this display. On May 15~21, 1997, the Sichuan Wanzhou CCP Committee Propaganda Department and the Communist Youth League Wanzhou Committee jointly sponsored this display. On June 28, 2000, Beijing Cultural Palace of the Nationalities, started a 40 days of this display. On June 29, 2000, this display and the report and the performance activity held in Beijing Jingxi Hotel’s Assembly Hall, and many important CCP leaders came here, such as Li Lanqing, the Politbureau member of CPC Central committee, State Council Vice-Premier; Ding Guangen, the Politbureau member and the secretariat secretary of CPC Central committee, Propaganda Department Minister; Chi Haotian, the Politbureau member and the Central Military Committee Vice-President; Zeng Qinghong, the Politbureau alternate committee member, secretariat secretary, Organization Department of the Central Committee, and many comrades who attendanced the conference on ideological and political work, together. attended the Exhibitory activity.
西北农林科技大学经济管理学院于2005年9月组织全院共产党员观看《红岩魂》，通知如下：（http://cem.nwsuaf.edu.cn/article.php/303 ）
In September, 2005, all the Communist members were organized to watch the Nationwide Tour Exhibition “Soul of Red Rock” by the organization of the CCP Commettee of the Economy Management College in The Northwest Farming and Forestry Scientific and Technical University. The notice (which is very impotent even in the school intenet web) is as follows.
全院共产党员观看《红岩魂》的通知
各支部党员：
学院党委定于9月2日下午3：00在学院办公楼6楼大会议室组织全体党员观看先进性教育活动专题报告片《红岩魂》。请大家相互转告，务必到会。
西北农林科技大学经济管理学院院党委
二〇〇五年九月二日
The Notice of all Party members of the College must watch the "soul of Red Rock":
Each Branches of party members:
Party Committees of the College desided that on pm 3:00 of September 2, all the party members have to watch the "soul of Red Rock" which is the Communist Advance Education Problem. Adress is in the college building’s 6th Floor Conference Room. Please tell each other, everyone must be at the meeting on time.
The CCP Committee of the Economy Management College, The Northwest Farming and Forestry Scientific and Technical University.
September 2, 2005
三、“臭名昭著”中美合作所的形象
3. The “notorious” image of the Sino-US cooperation institute
至今，你可以从互联网上搜索到很多被“中美合作所”与“臭名昭著”联系在一起的词条。
So far, the word "notorious" linked to the term of the Sino-US cooperation institute in Chinese media, and you can search on the Internet web and there are many of them.
中共一般是如下宣传“中美合作所”的：
The CCP generally propagandazed “the Sino-US Cooperation Institute” as following:
“中美合作所”设于重庆西北部歌乐山下，有2000多名中美特务的宿舍、办公厅、餐厅、跳舞厅、大礼堂、军火库、仓库，以及关押革命进步人士的渣滓洞、白公馆等多处监狱。1941年太平洋战争爆发前，中国军统局曾获悉日本企图进攻珍珠港的情报，并由中国驻美使馆助理武官兼军统局美国站站长萧勃，通知了美方。但未引起美方的重视。太平洋战争爆发后，美国方面才觉察到中国情报的重要，并希望在对日作战中能够通过国民政府的军统组织，从事美国所需要情报活动。为了方便蒋介石集团的特务统治和为美国提供情报，1943年4月中美双方代表在重庆签订有关合同，7月正式建立中美特种技术合作所(简称中美合作所)，地址设在重庆磁器口。中美合作所由国民党军统局特务头子戴笠任主任，美国海军情报署特务梅乐斯中校为副主任，主要从事反共反人民的特务活动。重庆白公馆、渣滓洞是关押、残杀共产党人和其他进步人士的集中营。当时，这儿戒备森严，中美特务如狼似虎，横行一时。自抗战胜利后，这里便完全成了国民党政府专设关押、刑讯、残杀革命人士和共产党人的罪恶机构。设牢狱20余个，白公馆和渣滓洞为其中最大两个。在这两座牢狱旧址内，美、蒋特务大肆迫害革命人民。先后被国民党反动派在这两座牢狱里杀害的知名人士中，有当时的中共四川省委书记罗世文，中共川西特委、军委负责人车耀先，华蓥山武装起义领导人邓惠忠，优秀共产党员江竹筠、许晓轩；还有抗日爱国将领杨虎城及其妻、儿；新四军第一任军长、抗日名将叶挺，等。1949年11年27日，国民党撤离大陆以前，对被囚禁在这里的331位革命人士进行了残酷的集体大屠杀，制造了惨绝人寰的“一一·二七”大血案。重庆解放后，人民政府在这里修建起烈士墓，屹立起革命烈士纪念碑，搜集整理了烈士们的革命事迹，并将原“中美合作所”旧址辟为展览馆，以供人们缅怀和学习烈士们为新中国的诞生而英勇献身的精神。
“The Sino-US Cooperation Institute” was located in northeast Chongqing under the Geleshan, more than 2000 Sino-US spy's dormitories, offices, dining rooms, dance halls, ceremonial halls, arsenal and the warehouses, as well as the jails to imprison revolutionary progressive personages' Zhazi Cave and Baigong Hall, and so on. Before 1941 the Pacific War erupted, the Chinese Bureau of Investigations and Statistics of the Military Affairs once learned that Japan attempted to attack Pearl harbor. Xiao Bo, the assistant Chinese Military Embassy in American and the leader the station of the Investigations and Statistics Affairs Bureau in the US, told the news to the US. But the American paid no attention. After the Pacific War erupted, the American then perceived that Chinese information's important, and hoped to combat to Japan can through the Investigations and Statistics Affairs Bureau of KMT government to engaged in information activity for the need of the US. In order to convenience Chiang Kai-Shek group’s spies to provide informations to the US, the representatives of China and the US signed contractes in Chongqing in April 1943, the the Sino-US Special Technical Collaboration Institute (hereinafter referred to the Sino-US Cooperation)was formally established in July, the address was located in Chongqing Ciqikou. Dai Li, the spy chief of KMT’s Bureau of Investigation and Statistics Military Affairs, was appointed to the director of The Sino-US Cooperation. Milton Miles, spy and the Lieutenant Colonel of the United States Navy Information Bureau, was the assistant director. The Sino-US Cooperation mainly engaged in the secret activities of anti-communist and anti-people. Baigong Hall and Zhazi Cave in Chongqing were concentration camp to imprison and massacre to the communist and other progressive personages. At that time, here heavily-guarded, the Sino-US spies were very cruel and run rampant. After the Sino-Japanese War, here then completely became the Jail specially of Kuomintang Government to imprison and torture and massacre the revolutionary figures and Communists. There were more than 20 prisons, Baigong Hall and Zhazi Cave were the biggest. In these two prisons, the Sino-US spies persecuted the revolutionary people wantonly. Successively killed by the Kuomintang reactionaries there were: Luo Shiwen, secretary of the CCP Sichuan province committee; Ju Yaoxian, director of the CCP west Sichuan provincial committee and military commission; Deng Huizhong, leader of the Mt. Huaying armed uprising; Jiang ZhuJun and Xu Xiaoxuan, outstanding communist party member. Also Yang Hucheng, the famous anti-Japan and patriotic general, and his wife and son; Ye Ting,the New Fourth Army first army commander, great anti-soldier, and so on. On November 27, 1949, before Kuomintang evacuated the mainland, there 331 revolutionary figures were killed, this conducted extremely tragic “1127” murder case. After Chongqing liberation, the people's government constructed the martyr's grave in here, stood erect a revolutionary martyr monument, collected and compiledartyrs' revolutionary facts, the original “the Sino-US Cooperation” is changed to Exhibition Hall, in order to for people to cherish and memory and learn from the martyr’s spirit of devoting for the new China's birth.
一些介绍“中美合作所”宣传材料的插图
Some illustrations in publicity materials for “the Sino-US Cooperation”
至于中国的各种宣传形式如小说、戏剧、电影、电视剧等等中的中美合作所的“臭名昭著”的形象，这里就不必多述了。
As for other "notorious" image of the Sino-US Cooperation created by each kind of propaganda forms such as the novels, plays, movies, soap operas, and so on, here did not need to state.
为了抗日，“中美合作所”开办了不少情报工作训练班。图为美方特工在给中方人员上课。但是在一些把“中美合作所”说成是“美蒋屠杀革命志士”的宣传材料上，用该图说明：“中美合作所的美国人在训练特务如何进行暗杀”。
For resisting Japanese invasion, "the Sino-US cooperation institute " had established many intelligence training classes. The photo shows the US workers trained the Chinese soldiers. But, in some propaganda materials which said the "Sino-US cooperation" was the place of "US-Chiang killing revolutionaries", uded this photo to explaine “The Sino-US Cooperation Institute's American trained the spy how to carry on assassination”.
四、中美合作所是国际反法西斯统一战线的跨国军事情报合作机构
4． The Sino-US cooperation is a transnational military information cooperating agency of International antifascist united front
中国的持久抗战，使日本深陷中国战场无法脱身，由于世界法西斯轴心国在欧洲的迅速扩张，极大地刺激着日本，冒险发动了太平洋战争。1942年1月1日，由中、美、英、苏四国领衔、共26国在华盛顿签署《联合国宣言》，规定：加盟诸国应尽其兵力与资源，以打击共同之敌人，且不得与任何敌人单独媾和。联合国的成立，表明国际反法西斯统一战线最后正式形成。毛泽东的中共也主张同英美等国家和民族结成反法西斯统一战线。该统一战线为反法西斯战争的最后胜利做出了重大贡献。中国人民永远也不会忘记那些与我们并肩战斗,甚至献出了自已的生命的国际战友，如加拿大的白求恩大夫、美军飞虎队和前苏联援华飞行队的勇士们。中美合作所是国际反法西斯统一战线中建立的跨国军事情报合作机构。
China's protracted resistance, causes the Japanese bogged down in the Chinese battlefield and unable to extricate itself, as a result of the world Fascist axis powers rapid expansion in Europe, greatly stimulated Japan to take adventure and launched the Pacific War. On January 1, 1942, "United Nations Declaration" was signed in Washington by China, the US, British and Soviet as leading countries and altogether 26 countries. It stipulated: All the countries should use all their military strength and the resources to attack the common enemy, and negotiate not with any enemy about peace separately. The establishment of the United Nations, indicated that the international antifascist united front formed officially. Mao Zedong's Chinese Communist Party also advocated to form the antifascist united front with countries and the nationality such as the UK and the US. This united front has made the important contributions for the antifascist war's final victory. The Chinese people will never forget those international comrade who fought side by side with us, and even sacrificed their own lives, such as the Canadian doctor Norman Bethune, the US military Flying Tigers and the former Soviet Union help-China Aviation corps' brave warriors. The Sino-US cooperation is the transnational military information cooperating agency in the international antifascist united front.
苏联驻华使馆最先提议，由苏军总参谋部与中国国民政府军委会军令部协商，建立了中苏情报合作所。所长由中方的军令部第二厅厅长杨宣诚兼任，由军统局具体操作，主要侦收和研究日军电讯密码。苏方提供了大批电讯器材。该所设于重庆城内来龙巷庆德里一号，另在南岸黄山上设有电讯侦测电台。成立不久，因苏德战争爆发，苏联无暇东顾而渐少过问，约三年后撤销。
The Soviet Embassy in China first proposed, under the consultations between the Soviet Troop General Staff Department and the Chinese National Government Troop Commission Military Department, the Sino-Soviet Information Cooperation Institute has established. Yang Xuancheng (the director of the second Hall of Chinese Troop Commission Military Department) held the head post.The concrete operations of the institute were in charge by MIB, mainly intercept communications and research Japanese force’s telecommunication password. The Soviets provided large quantities of telecommunication equipment. The institute set in Chongqing city, in addition was equipped with the telecommunication detection broadcasting station on Mt. Huang. But soon because outbreak of the Soviet Germany war, Soviet Union had no time and energy to inquire about it, approximately three years later it abolished.
在上海遭到日本人监视的英国驻华情报官门德内哥罗，由军统局辖下的游击武装忠义救国军护送逃到重庆，他以英国大使馆商务参赞的名义提出与中国合组中英特种技术合作所，进行情报交流，英方并表示愿意援助武器装备和派专家帮助中国组建、训练一支敌后游击部队（太平洋战争爆发后又决定这支部队开赴东南亚战场配合英军作战）。1942年1月又在沙坪坝小龙坎成立了军统局属下的别动军司令部，中英合作所主任及别动军司令均由前忠义救国军总指挥周伟龙担任。
Montenegro，the British intelligence officer in China, Encountered surveillance by Japanese in Shanghai, fled to Chongqing escorting by the Army of Loyalty Justice which is guerrilla belong to MIB. He proposed to set up the Sino- UK special technical collaboration institute in the name of the British Embassy commercial secretary, carried on the information exchange. The UK side indicated willing to to aid weapons and equipment and send experts, help China to form and train a guerrilla force behind the enemy lines (after the Pacific war broke this force then decided to go to Southeast Asia battlefield coordinate with the British Forces). In January 1942, the headquarters of rangers (subordinate of MIB) established Shapingba of Chongqing, Zhou Weilong, the former chief of the Army of Loyalty Justice, took charge of the head of both the Sino- UK Cooperation and the Headquarters of Rangers.
1942年夏，流亡的法国戴高乐政府也曾派代表来中国，与军统局谈判建立中法特种技术合作所，主要是为了侦译法国维希傀儡政府的密电。最终未能成立。
In 1942 summer, the exiled French De Gaulle Government also once sent representatives to China, negotiated with MIB of KMT to establish the Sino-France Special Technical Cooperation Institute, mainly to detect and translate the code telegram of French Vichy Puppet government. It has not been able to establish finally.
真正合作成功的，是中国与美国联合建立的中美特种技术合作所。据参加起草中美特种技术合作协定草案的军统局军事情报处少将处长鲍志鸿回忆，美国空军击落日本海军大将山本五十六的座机，就有中美合作所的军统局人员在电讯侦测和密码破译方面的功劳。中美合作所还建立起了若干为美国海、空军提供气象情报的气象工作站、观测哨等，这些气象情报在美军对太平洋上日占岛屿展开逐岛进攻和轰炸日本本土的军事行动中，都起了重要作用。战后美国海军部的一份报告甚至有这样的评价：中国方面通过中美合作所向美国提供的日本占领区军事及气象情报，“成为美国太平洋舰队和在中国沿海的美潜艇攻击敌海军的惟一情报来源”。
The success of genuine cooperation, is the Sino-US Cooperation. According to the recall of Bao Zhihong, who was Major General and Director of military intelligence Department of MIB and participated to draft the Sino-US Special Technical Cooperation Agreement, the United States Air Force shooted down the Japanese Navy senior general Isoroku Yamamoto's plane, the personnels in Sino-US Cooperation and MIB detected and deciphered the telecommunication codes, had a key merit. The Sino-US Cooperation also established certain meteorological stations and observation stations and so on for the US Navy and Air Force, and these meteorological information played the influential role in the military action of the US attacks and bombs the islands in Pacific Ocean occupied by Japanese and Japanese native place. A postwar report of American Naval Department even has such appraisal: China through the Sino-US Cooperation provided the military and meteorological information to the US about Japanese occupied area, “is the only message source for the US’s Pacific fleet and the Submarine in the Chinese coast to attack the enemy navy”.
中美合作所是一个纯粹的情报机构，为中国抗日提供了大量的情报，从未关押过一个中国人，日本投降以后即宣布解散。
The Sino-US Cooperation was a pure intelligence agency, it had provided massive informations for Chinese fighting against Japan, It never imprisoned any Chinese, after Japan's surrendered it announced to dismiss.
五、中美合作所与渣滓洞监狱并无关系
5．There was no relation between the Sino-US Cooperation and the Zhazi Cave Jail
在2001年4月河南人民出版社出版的《中国外交史》（编著吴东之，上海市黄浦区教育信息中心）一书中写道：
“The Chinese Diplomatic History" (wrote by Wu Dongzhi, Shanghai Huangpu District Education Information Center) published by Henan People's Publishing Agency in April, 2001, the book wrote:
美国最高当局在权衡利弊之后,虽然同意在战时继续维持中美合作所,但却依照协议在战后结束了该所的工作,将中美合作所的大批物资器材转交给军统,供其镇压人民所用。所以应该说,中美合作所是美国扶蒋反共政策最早的具体产物,是美国参与屠杀与镇压中国人民,中国共产党人的罪证。它的出现,代表了美国对华政策中的一股逆流.它对美国海空军只提供过几次情报,对日军的军事行动并无太大妨碍。然而蒋介石却把中美合作所列为美国援华“最杰出”的成果之一；把那些反对中美合作所的美国官员视为仇敌,指责他们同情共产党,与共产党合作,是“扶共倒蒋”。
Although the American highest authority agreed to maintain the Sino-US Cooperation continuously in the wartime after weighing the advantages and disadvantages, but in postwar actually finished this work according to the agreement, large quantities of commodity equipments of the Sino-US Cooperation were transmited to the Bureau of Investigation of KMT and used to suppress the people. So it can say, the Sino-US Cooperation is a earliest concrete product of the supporting Chiang anti-communism policy of the US, is a crime evidence the US participation slaughters and suppresses the Chinese people and Chinese Communists. Its appearance, represented an adverse current of the American policy toward China. It has only provided few information to the American Navy and Air Force, and has no important role to fight against Japanese forces. However, Chiang Kai-Shek yet listed the Sino- US Cooperates as the "most outstanding" achievement of the US helping China; Chiang regard these American officials who opposed to the Sino-US Cooperation as the foes, and accused them of sympathizing and cooperating with the communists and “anti- Chiang”.
该文论述这个结论的论据是引自沈醉的一段话。[沈醉:《中美特种技术合作所内幕》载沈醉:《军统内幕》,文史资料出版社,1984年]
The arguments and the reasons for this conclusion of the book, is quoted from the article wrote by Shen Zui. (Shen Zui: "Inside Story of the Sino-US Special Technical Collaboration”, carried on “Inside Story of KMT Military Investigation Bureau”,published by Historical Data Press,1984).
可是对于沈醉的话--那是沈醉经过中共改造后于文革前后写的，其可信度又怎样呢？沈醉和程一鸣都同时写了很多材料由中共出版。文革前后由于政治气候，很多公开的公开的材料出于政治宣传需要，可能与事实有很大出入。此时程一鸣与沈醉都是政协全国委员，两人常有矛盾。沈醉指责程一鸣写的回忆文章为何不交待五、六十年代在海外的罪恶历史。而程一鸣说沈醉在交待历史时，出于某种目的，生编硬造一些史料来攻击他人，出于宣传需要，在军统史中写了许多假情况。
But how is the confidence of the Shen Zui’s article? Since Shen Zui wrote the article after the Reform-through-labor by Communist and during the years around the “Great Cultural Revolution”. Shen Zui and Cheng Yiming simultaneously wrote many materials and published by the CCP. These publications around years of the Great Cultural Revolution as a result of the political climate and used for political propaganda need, so there were discrepancies with the fact probably. Both Shen Zui and Cheng Yiming were members of National Political Consultative Conference Committee, and there were contradictories between the two. Shen Zui accused Cheng Yiming’s recollection article not to describe his own evil history in the 50s-60s in the overseas. But Cheng Yiming said that Shen Zui’s articles rearranged some historical data to attack other people, stemming from some kind of goal or propaganda need, had written many false situations in his articles aboput the history of the KMT Military Investigation Bureau.
而且即使是沈醉写的回忆也很能说明中美合作所与渣滓洞监狱的关系：“1944年（按：应为1945年，此系沈醉误记）春，浙江大学（时在贵州遵义）教授费巩应复旦大学（时在重庆远郊北碚）之邀来重庆讲学。一日从重庆千厮门码头搭船去北碚，在候船时失踪。此事惊动了陪都教育界，许多人都认为是被特务绑架了。在舆论压力下，蒋介石向戴笠查问，戴笠说军统局没有抓费巩，戴笠还找来中统局、宪兵司令部等单位负责人了解，都说没有抓费巩。数十位曾留学英、美的教授联名致信美军远东战区参谋长魏德迈，要求查清此事。魏德迈把此事交给中美合作所美方负责人梅乐斯办理。梅乐斯派中美合作所中一位纽约名探克拉克少校查办。戴笠则安排了沈醉协助，并嘱咐沈醉，如发现了可靠线索一定要先行把费巩弄到手中，不能让克拉克把人弄去，以免使戴笠在蒋介石面前丢脸。
Moreover, even in Shen Zui’s recollection also can explain the relation between the Sino-US Cooperation and the Zhazi Cave jail: “In 1944 (actuallly is in 1945) spring, Fei Gongying, Zhejiang University professor, (that time it was in Zunyi, Guizhou province), invited by Fudan University (that time it was in Beibei, Chongqing outer suburb) to come Chongqing to lecture. One day professor Fei took a ship from Chongqing to Beibei, when waiting for a ship Fei was missing. This matter alarmed the Chongqing educational circles, many people thought that was kidnapped by the spy. Under the public opinion pressure, Chiang Kai-Shek questions to Dai Li, Dai Li said that the Military Investigations Bureau had not grasped professor Fei. And Dai Li also asked the Central Investigation Bureau and the police corps and so on, there were nothing about grasped professor Fei.. Dozens of professors (all were once studied in UK and US) wrote a letter to Wedemeyer, the Chief of the US military Far East War Zone, requesting to investigate this matter thoroughly. Wedemeyer asked Milton Miles, the US side leader of the Sino-US Cooperation, to handle the matter. Milton Miles sent Major Clark a New York spy in the Sino-US Cooperation, to search and investigate. Dai Li arranged Shen Zui to be assistance, tell Shen Zui if had discovered any reliable clue must get professor Fei in our hands, not let Clark get Fei, in order to avoid caused Dai Li to lose face in front of Chiang Kai-Shek.
经多方调查，没有结果。美方根据费巩有反政府言论的线索，怀疑他是被逮捕了，军统局有关人员则怀疑是被中统局逮捕了（因中统局曾派人监视费巩）。于是戴笠答应在重庆稽查处和警察局刑警处等单位去查阅自费巩失踪后的捕人档案，必要时还要拿费巩的照片去查对这一时期逮捕、关押的人犯。沈醉悄悄问戴笠，如果美国人要看歌乐山下的军统局看守所（即渣滓洞监狱）怎么办。戴笠立刻把脸一沉，厉声回答：“他们想讨好这几十个留美的教授，别的都能依他们，要是提到要看我们的看守所时，你就干脆回答他这都是些很久以前关起来的人，没有最近逮捕的。”他又补充说：“我们没有抓费巩，你不是不清楚，怎么会提到这个问题？”此事后来仍然没有查出结果（见沈醉《军统内幕》第261～265页，文史资料出版社1984年版）。”
After extensive investigation, there was no result. The US side suspected that professor Fei has been arrested, because there were some clue shows that Fei has anti-government opinion. KMT has two different spy organs one is the Military Investigation Bureau, the other is the Central Investigation Bureau. The Military Investigation Bureau suspected that Fei was arrested by Central Investigation Bureau (because the Central Investigation Bureau once sent personnels to place Fei under surveillance). Therefore Dai Li ordered to check all the imformatioms and files in all the Inspection offices and police stations in Chongqing even took Fei’s picture to verify all the criminals who were arrested at this time. Shen Zui quietly asked Dai Li, if the American want to see the detention center of the Military Investigation Bureau in Geleshan (i.e. the Zhazi Cave jail), what shall we do? Dai Li immediately replied fiercely: “The Amerian want to flatter the several dozens professors who once studied in the US. What they want to do, let them do so. But if they want to see our detention center, you simply say that all he these prisoners were here very long before, and have no any one are arrested recently.” Dai Li also said to Shen Zui: “You know clearly that we have not grasped Fei, why you mention such question?” The matter was not found any result until now. (see the 261~265th pages of the Chines book “Inside Story of KMT Military Investigation Bureau”, wrote by Shen Zui, published by Historical Data Press,1984).
由此可见，在中美合作所设立期间，在其附近的渣滓洞监狱，与中美合作所并无隶属关系。
Thus it can be seen, during period of the Sino-US Cooperation functioning, although Zhazi Cave jail was in nearby, but the jail has non-subordination relation with the Sino-US Cooperation.
据曾任军统局息烽监狱监狱长、保密局西南特区少将副区长的周养浩1969年在战犯管理所回忆：“‘中美合作所”，这是解放后人民对军统重庆缫丝厂地区的总名称，其实这个地区内机构、单位、性质、名称不同的很多，有的是军统本身编制内的单位，有的是军统外围机构单位。”“其实这个地区的住宅和办公房屋，多半是军统局直辖单位人员占据的，中美所人员不到三分之一。例如缫丝厂办公处、建筑工程处（这个单位当时职工数字很大）、白公馆、渣滓洞、立人小学，以及先后办的大小几十个特务训练班，其中只有一个特警班是中美所办的，其他全是军统局管辖的。”“在‘特别区’范围内，美国‘飞虎队’陈纳德的气象台等几个单位也驻在这里。”“所以中美合作所在抗日战争时期，只能算是这个地区内的军统与美空军情报机关合作的一个单位，不能代表这个地区的所有军统特务机关和单位”“重庆中美合作所地区解放前都叫作军统重庆缫丝厂地区……这个地区内实际上大多是军统局直辖的机构单位，中美合作所除本机构外只有一个特警班。至于白公馆和渣滓洞当时和中美所是没有什么联系的。”（《戴笠、梅乐斯与中美合作所》第133～136页）
The recollection wrote by Zhou Yanghao in 1969(this time he is a “war criminal” ), who once was appointed to jail warden of the Xifeng jail of the KMT Military Investigation Bureau, Major General and the deputy chief of Southwest Special Zone Security Bureau”, it said: “The area of the former KMT Military Investigation Bureau and Chongqing Silk Factory is called ‘The Sino-US Cooperation’ after the liberation. Actually in this area there were many different organizations with different names, some were organs directly belong to the KMT Military Investigation Bureau, others were periphery organs of the Military Investigation Bureau ”. “Actually, most of the residential and office houses in this region were occupied by the Military Investigation Bureau, less than a third of the houses were occupied by the Sino-US Cooperation. For example the Silk Factory Office, the Building Engineering Department (it had a lot of staffs at that time), Baigong Hall, Zhazi Cave, elementary school, as well as several dozens spy training classes, only one special police class belong to the Sino-US Cooperation, all others belong to the Military Investigation Bureau.” “In an area so called ‘special region’, a meteorological observatory of Chennault's American Flying Tigers’ and so on units also stationed here.” “Therefore, in the Sino-Japanese War time, the Sino-US cooperation was only a cooperation unit between the Military Investigation Bureau and the information institue of the US Airl Force in this area, it cannot represent all the spy organs of the Military Investigation Bureau in the local area.” “Pre-liberation the area of the Sino-US Cooperation in Chongqing was calld MIB(Military Investigation Bureau) Chongqing Silk Factory Area...... In fact most of the organs and units in this area were MIB, the Sino-US Cooperation only has a office and special police clas. The Sino-US Cooperation had no relation with the jail of Baigong Hall and Zhazi Cave”.(Chinese book “Dai Li, Milton Miles and the Sino-US Cooperation” page 133～136).”
《红岩春秋》杂志2002年第1期发表的何鸿钧的回忆《逃离中美合作所》，写了抗日战争后期他们一批大学生被军委会征调为盟军做译员，他被分配到中美合作所后，因发现这是与军统局有关的机构，不愿与特务机关发生关系，要求改调它处，未获批准后，他自行逃离了，事后遭到了通缉，但过了不久，他得知形势缓和，从外县回到重庆，向军委会外事局交上签呈，很容易就撤销了通缉，恢复了学籍，甚至中美合作所还补发了他离开这三个月的工资。这一经历，也从另一侧面充分说明了中美合作所并非什么血腥恐怖的“集中营”。
“Flees From the Sino-US Cooperation” wrote by He Hongjun and published in “Spring and Autumn of the Red rock Period” magazine, 1st issue,2002, it said that: In later period of the Sino-Japanese War, many university students were mobilized to be the allied army interpreter by the Military Committee, he was assigned the Sino-US Cooperation, after he discovered that this was a organization have relation with MIB of KMT, and he would not have relations with the spy service, he asked to change to other work but had not been approved, so he fled away, afterward he encountered to be warrant for arrest, but soon, he known the situation was relaxed, he returned to Chongqing, and handed a letter to the Foreign Affair Bureau of the Military Committee, very easyly the warrant for arrest was abolished, and restored his work, even the Sino-US Cooperation also reissued him the wages of three month he leave away. This experience, also explained that the Sino-US Cooperation was by no means any rank of bloody terror “concentration camp”.
1943年7月中美合作所成立，1945年抗日战争胜利，按中美合作所成立时《协定》的规定，美方人员分批回国。1946年1月，中美合作所正式撤销，经军统局报蒋介石备案。合作所中的军统局人员回军统局报到，非军统局人员则发给3个月的薪金遣散。中美合作所是一个对抗日战争取得胜利的有积极意义的情报机构。在对日本军作战的情报工作的历史上，国民党军统局人员做出了重要的贡献。有资料表明，军统局人员有4.5万人，其中1.8万人牺牲在抗日战线上了。
The Sino-US Cooperation Institute was founded in July , 1943, China got the victory of Sino-Japanese War in 1945, the US side personnels returned to homeland according to the stipulation of the Institue. In January , 1946, the Sino-US Cooperation Institute was cancelled formally, after the Investigation and Statistics Bureau reported Chiang Kai-Shek, the personnels of the Investigation and Statistics Bureau who worked in the Sino-US Cooperation Institute returned back to the Investigation and Statistics Bureau, other personnels in the Sino-US Cooperation Institute were dismissed with 3 month salary. The Sino-US Cooperation Institute is a intelligence agency which has the positive role for getting victory of the Anti-Japanese War. In the history of getting the intelligence to Japan's military operations, the personnels of KMT’s Investigation and Statistics Bureau has made important contributions. Some Data show that there were 45,000 people in the Investigation and Statistics Bureau, of which18,000 people sacrificed in the anti-Japanese front.
重庆歌乐山下的白公馆、渣滓洞，是两座国民党专门关押政治犯的监狱。抗日战争胜利后，共产党与国民党争夺政权，在全国范围进行了大规模的国内战争，国民党失败。1949年9月至11月底，面临崩溃的国民党当局在这里关押的以共产党人为主的政治犯和国民党的违纪者，并且在这里对200余名人进行了的血腥大屠杀。但是这与几年起撤销的中美合作所没有关系。
The White Building and Zhazi Cave under Chongqing Gele Mt., were two KMT jails specially held the political prisoners. After Sino-Japanese War victory, the communist party and Kuomintang strived for the political power, carried on the large-scale civil war in the nationwide scale, Kuomintang had been defeated. From September to the end of November in 1949, the Kuomintang authority faced collapse, it imprisoned here the Communist political prisoners and the defaulters of the KMT, and more than 200 persons were bloody killed here. But this had not related with the Sino-US Cooperation Institute which had been canceled for a few years.
邓又平先生曾经在重庆歌乐山革命纪念馆工作，现在重庆市博物馆工作，在1988年第3期《美国研究》杂志发表了《简析“中美合作所集中营”》一文，澄清了许多史实。被国民党当局逮捕的叶挺、廖承志等人，是在中美合作所建立之前关押于重庆歌乐山监狱，另一些人如杨虎城，江竹筠（江姐）等人是在中美合作所撤销之后才关押在此地。“中美合作所与这些逮捕、关押、屠杀等罪恶活动是完全无关的。”“至今为止，在重庆歌乐山烈士陵园的档案室中，找不出一份是由中美合作所签发的逮捕、屠杀革命志士的文件，也没有一份材料中提及过，说是美国人亲自参加了这些活动。”
Mr. Deng Youping once worked in Chongqing Gele Mt. Revolution Memorial Hall, now works in Chongqing Museum, published his article “Analysis the ‘Sino-US Cooperation Concentration Camps’” on the magazine "American Research", 1988, the 3rd issue, which has clarified a lot of historical facts. Ye Ting , Liao Chengzhi and so on persons were arrested by KMT authority, were imprisoned in Chongqing Gele Mt. jail at the time before the Sino-US Cooperation Institue set up, other persons such as Yang Hucheng and Jiang Zhuyun (Sister Jiang) were imprisoned in there after the revocation of the Sino-US Cooperation Institue. “The Sino-US Cooperation Institue are completely irrelevant with these arrests, detention, killings and other criminal activities”. “Until now, in the file of the Chongqing Gele Mt. Martyrs Cemetery Office or the Museum, cannot discover any document about the Sino-US Cooperation Institue issued to arrest or slaughter revolution persons, have no any material mentioned that the Americans personally participated in these activities”.
小说《红岩》中特务头子徐鹏飞的原型——当年西南的特务王徐远举，从未在中美合作所任过职，他调到重庆先后任行辕二处处长、保密局西南特区区长时，中美合作所已经撤销。小说《红岩》却让徐鹏飞口口声声说“这里是中美合作所”，这完全相违了历史。
Spy chief Xu Pengfei in the novel “Red rock”, who’s prototype is Xu Yuanju, the Southwest spy chief at that years, But Xu never worked in the Sino-US Cooperation, when Xu transferred to Chongqing and was appointed to head of the second generalissimo's bureau and the director of the southwest special zone security bureau, the Sino-US Cooperation was already abolished. In the novel "Red rock", Xu Pengfei always said that “here was the Sino-US Cooperation”, this was totally contrary to the history.
根据小说《红岩》改编的歌剧《江姐》，其场景标明是重庆“中美合作所渣滓洞集中营审讯室”，看守人员对江姐说：“你要知道，这是中美合作所，进来了就别想出去！”审讯人员对江姐唱：“这是中美合作所，歌乐山前黑铁牢，美式刑法四十八套，渣滓洞白骨比天高！” 完全歪曲了江竹筠（江姐）是在中美合作所撤消了几年后才关押在歌乐山监狱并被杀害的历史事实，宣传是中美合作所杀害江姐等共产党人。
Opera “Siste Jiang” which was reorganizes according to the novel "Red Rock", its scene was marked "Chongqing Zhazi Cave Sino-US Cooperation Concentration Camp Interrogation Room”, the guards said to Sister Jiang: “You must know, this is the Sino-US Cooperation Institute, you came in but not to want to exit!” the interrogation personnel song: “This is the Sino-US Cooperation Institute,a black jail under the Gele Mt., there were forty-eight kinds of American corporal punishment, the dead bones were heaped in Zhazi Cave higher than Mt.!” It completely distorted the historical fact that Jiang Zhuyun (Sister Jiang) was imprisoned in Chongqing Gele Mt. Jail and was killed there at the time that the the Sino-US Cooperation Institute had been cancelled for few years, to propaganda that the Sino-US Cooperation Institute killed Sister Jiang and so on Communists.
绿原（刘仁甫，1922-2009）是中国著名作家、诗人和文学翻译家，曾经在中美合作所短期工作过，1948年加入中国共产党，1953年至1955年任中共中央宣传部国际宣传处组长，1962年在人民文学出版社工作，1983年任人民文学出版社副总编辑。他在文化大革命中受到残酷的迫害，罪名之一是“给美帝做特务、走进了中美合作所里做残害革命者勾”。著名画家叶浅予(1907-1995)曾受聘在“中美合作所”从事抗日宣传工作，在文化大革命中受到迫害，罪名是“美蒋特务”。
Lü Yuan (Liu Renfu, 1922-2009) is a Chinese renowned writer, poet and literature translator, once had worked in a short time in th Sino-US cooperation Institue, he joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1948, from 1953 to 1955 he was the group leader of the International Propaganda Section of Central Committee of the CCP Propaganda Department, in 1962 worked in the People's Literature Press, in 1983 he was vice-editor-in-chief.of the People's Literature Press. During the Culture Revolution he suffered brutal persecution, one of the charges was “had done the spy to the American imperialist and cruelly harmed the revolutionary in the Sino-US Cooperation”. Renowned painter Ye Qianyu (1907-1995) once was hired in “Sino-US Cooperation Institute” to be engaged in propaganda work of opposition to Japan, was persecuted during the Cultural Revolution, on charges of “the Amercan-Chiang’s spy”.
六、杨益言：我见到的“中美合作所”（节选）
6. Yang Yiyan: I have seen the “Sino-US cooperation institute” (selection)
On August 4, 1948, four plainclothes spies detained me from third floor of a factory dormitory in a Chongqing factory to go downstairs. A pair of silver handcuffs shackled me, I saw a few English words engraved handcuffs: Made inU.S.A. I was dragged on a medium-sized American-made jeep. The small vehicle was lopping, drove to where I did not know.
终于，我被押向山谷中的一处被无数岗亭监控着，又由电网、高墙围着的一座监牢。当我被押进监牢办公室，全身再次遭到严密搜查，听见特务向我宣布纪律时，我看见室内的桌椅上都有白漆写着中美所三个字，我耳畔嗡嗡响起的却是特务警告的话音：听着，你的号码是258号；这就是你的名字。
Finally, I was detained to a jail in the valley where numerous being monitored booths, also all were electrical network, tall wall gathers round. When I was escorted into the prison office, my body has once again been closely searched, the spy was announcing the discipline to me, I saw indoor the tables and chairs which all have the white lacquer words “Sino-US cooperation institute”, my ears were buzzing sounded of a agent warning voice: “Listen, your number is the 258th; This is your name.”
特务向我宣布纪律的声音，桌椅上那曾用白漆标记中美所三个字，不能不总在我脑际盘旋……我仿佛明白了，又仿佛一点也不明白。因为，我毕竟未见到过这些名叫中美所的地方。
The warning voice of the spy, the white lacquer words “Sino-US cooperation institute” on the tables and chairs, had no alternative but always to circle in my mind ...... I seem to understood, but also it seem I do not understand. Because, after all, I have not seen the place where named the “Sino-US Cooperation Institute”.
On November 30 , 1949, People's Liberation Army has liberated Chongqing.
查明中美所情况列为公安局最紧迫工作之一。中美所未被销毁和抢运走的档案大量被缴获：说明解放前夕在中美所内屠杀革命者，企图对重庆实施大爆破的罪行。曾架有四五十华里长的电网和外界隔绝的中美合作所旧址，电网被愤怒的群众拆除后，中美所的本来面目便赤裸裸地显现在了世人面前。
Verified the situation of the Sino-US Cooperation Institute was one of public security bureau’s most urgent work. A large number of the Institute’s files which had not been destroyed or transported had been seized. They showed that at the liberation eve, the Sino-US Cooperation Institute slaughterd the revolutionaries, and it attempted the crime to implement big demolition in Chongqing. The former site of “Sino-US cooperation institute” once had used more than 20 kilometers electrified wire net isolated it from the outside, after the angry people masses removed the electrified wire net, the true colors of the Sino-US Cooperation Institute appeared in front of the common people.
我最先看到这一切，是在1949年11月初，重庆刚解放的头几天，是和成千上万愤怒的群众一道走进这昔日的禁区的。它的十座军火库已被敌特全部引爆，到处留下都是已被爆破的美制军火。它的大礼堂也已被敌特炸毁，留下的只是一片瓦烁。渣滓洞男牢房已被敌特烧毁，留在原址的只是一些被烧卷曲了的烈士遗体：男牢房后面的墙下，躺着从牢房里冲出后，却又被敌特击中，牺牲在那里的十九位烈士的遗体；……在松林坡，却到处可见烈士的血迹，和一个又一个掩埋牺牲者的大尸坑……当时，在中美所内寻到的牺牲者共331人。
I first saw all this in early November 1949, the first few days of Chongqing had just liberated, when I Entered this former forbidden area together with tens of thousands of angry populace. Its ten arsenals had been detonated completely by the enemy spy, everywhere left behind the US-made arms which had demolished. Its auditorium had also already been blown up by the enemy agent , Left only the broken bricks and tiles. The male Jail in “Zhazi Cave”had been burnt by the enemy spy, lefe there were only some burnt and curl martyr body remains. Under the male prison wall, there were 19 martyr's remains who originally after crawling out from his cell, but were hit by enemy agents, sacrificed there……on the pine forest slope, everywhere was the blood of martyrs, and the big body burial pits one and another……At that time, a total of 331 sacrificed persons were found in the Sino-US Cooperation Institute.
敌特在重庆中美所里外实施的大屠杀和大爆破，一旦公之于众，便震惊中外，极大地激怒了广大人民。刚组建的重庆公安部门，在广大人民群众的积极协助下，成百上千的敌特刽子手、潜伏特务迅速落入人民法网……
The enemy spy implemented the massacre and the large explosion inside and outside in Chongqing Sino-US Cooperation Institute, once revealed to the public, shocked China and the world, had enraged the general populace enormously. The just formed Chongqing Public Security Department, under broad masses assist positively,hundred and thousand of enemy executioners, lurking spies were caught in the people's net of justice
我所见到中美所的有关事实，均发表在1950年1月15日出版的烈士追悼大会纪念特刊和同年2月出版的专刊《如此中美特种技术合作所》，专刊的文字均由追悼会常委会审查通过。专刊刊载有在中美所集中营被害的烈士名录，也刊有护厂烈士名录(中央革命博物馆于同年8月曾以《美帝蒋匪重庆集中营罪行实录》为书名，由大众书店将专刊全部内容公开出版)。
I have seen the relevant facts of the Sino-US Cooperation Institute, all are published in the January 15, 1950 issue of “Special Memorial Service Commemorating the Martyrs”, and in February 1950’ s memoir “Such Sino-US Special Technical Cooperation Institute”, all the memoir’s text have been examined and approved by the Memorial Standing Committee. These memoirs have the name list of martyrs killed in Sino-US Cooperation Institute Camp, as well as the list of factory protection martyrs. [in August 1950, The Central Revolutionary Museum has edited all the memoirs’text in a book, “The crime factual record of American imperialist and Chiang bandit in Chongqing Concentration Camp” and it publieshed by “Dazhong (Volkswagen) Bookstore”]
[摘自《中华儿女》2003年5月号]
[Picked from "the China's youth" in May, 2003]
7． Novel "Red rock" and its author Luo Guangbin and Yang Yiyan
长篇小说《红岩》出版于1961年。中共媒体对本书进行了大量的宣传。以下是常见的一个宣传材料：
The novel "Red rock" published in 1961. The Chinese Communist Party media has carried on the massive propagandas to this book. The following is common publicity materials:
这是一部以共产党人为争取中国人民解放而进行的壮烈斗争为题材的优秀长篇小说。作者罗广斌、杨益言曾被共同关押在“中美特种技术合作所”的集中营里，亲身经历过敌人的种种野蛮暴行和共产党人不屈不挠的斗争生活。作为幸存者和最直接的见证人，这两位作者在写作了革命回忆录《在烈火中永生》的基础上，进一步搜集整理先烈们的斗争事迹，加以集中、提炼、进行艺术再创造。历时十年之久，完成了这部气势恢宏的作品。
This is an excellent novel, theme is the communists strive heroic struggle for the liberation of the Chinese people. Author Luo Guangbin andYang Yiyan once imprisoned together in “the US Special Technical Cooperation Institute” concentration camp, had experienced enemy's all sorts of barbaric atrocities and Communist's indomitable struggle life. As the survivor and the most direct witness, these two authors had wrote the revolutionary reminiscences “The Eternal Life in Raging Fire”, and based on this, they further collected the struggle deeds of martyrs, concentrated, refined, carried on artistic re-creation. They lasted ten years time, had completed magnificent work.
长篇小说《红岩》自1961年问世后，被称为具有共产主义精神和革命气节的教科书,并被译成了多种文字版本大量印刷发行，目前总印数已超过10000000册。《红岩》曾被当年中宣部誉之为“党史小说”。直到今天，仍有人把《红岩》当作昔日重庆及四川中共地下党的历史纪实。
After the novel "Red rock" was published in 1961, it is been called “the textbook which has the spirit of communism and the revolutionary moral courage”, and has been translated into many kinds of foreign books, massively printed and released, At present the total number of printing already have exceeded 10000000. "Red Rock" was represented as “Communistparty's history novel " once by Central Propaganda Department of CCP in that years. Until today, still some people treated the "Red rock" as the history documentary of Sichuan and Chongqing’s underground Party of the CCP.
（1）长篇小说《红岩》，罗广斌、杨益言著，中国青年出版社1961年第一版。到2008年，印数已超过1000万册。（2）1964年10月13日，毛泽东、刘少奇、周恩来、朱德等党和国家领导人，在人民大会堂观看了由《红岩》改编成的歌剧《江姐》。图为毛等与《江姐》剧组人员合影。
（1）Novel "Red rock", author: Luo Guangbin and Yang Yiyan. Chinese Youth Publishing House, 1961 the first edition. To 2008, the printing has surpassed 10,000,000. (2) On October 13, 1964, in the People’s Great Hall, Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and so on party and state leaders watched the opera “Sister Jiang” which was was adapted from novel "Red rock".
罗广斌（1925－1967）,作家。重庆忠县人。1948年加入中共。国民党军第十六兵团司令官罗广文的胞弟。1948年被捕，曾经囚禁在重庆渣滓洞集中营。1949年后，历任青年团重庆市委统战部部长、重庆市民主青年联盟副主席。后在重庆市文联专门从事创作,长篇小说《红岩》的作者。
Luo Guangbin (1925-1967), writer. was born in Chongqing Zhong County. joined the CCP in 1948, younger brother of Luo Guangwen (Commander of the 16th army corps of Kuomintang). He was arrested in 1948, once imprisoned in Chongqing Zhazi Cave Camp. After 1949 successively was the minister of United Front Department of Chongqing Municipal Youth League Committee, vice-president of Chongqing Democratic Youth Alliance. Latter he was specially engaged in the Literary creation in Chongqing Cultural Federation, author of the novel "Red rock".
因长篇小说《红岩》在全国的巨大影响，罗广斌自然而然也成为全国青年们崇拜的英雄。但是那时他的日子并不好过，中共党内派系斗争使他政治生活却依然遭到诸多限制。1963年团中央提议推选他为访日代表，被重庆市某些人以“历史问题有个别疑点”为由否决；第二年共青团召开九大准备安排他为团中央委员候选人，也因同样理由被否决。在阶级斗争“年年讲、月月讲、天天讲”的年代，罗广斌当年在渣滓洞集中营经历，正好构成了让人不放心的历史疑点。因此他在文革之前心情是压抑的。当以文化大革命发动起来之时，他成为重庆最早的造反派之一。这也是他的悲剧人生的开始。
Because the national enormous influence of the novel "Red rock", naturally Luo Guangbin became the hero of the national youth’s worship.But his day did not feel better at that time, the Chinese Communist inner-party struggles caused his political life actually still encounter many limits. In 1963 the Youth Corps Central Committee proposed to select him as a representative to visit Japan, was Rejected by certain people in Chongqing by the reason “individual doubt in history”. In 1964, the Communist Youth League convenes the ninth meeting, prepare to arrange him to be candidates for the CYL Central Committee, also was rejected for the same reason. During the years of “talking about class struggle every day, every month, every year”, Luo Guangbin’s experience in Zhazi Cave Camp, happened to constitute the history doubt for people do not trust him. So he is depressed mood before the Cultural Revolution. When the Cultural Revolution starts, he became one of Chongqing’s earliest rebels. This is also his tragedy life start.
文革中重庆造反派内部在夺权问题上产生严重分歧,因此埋下了仇恨的种子。1967年1月31日，矛盾终于一触即发：北京航空学院“红旗”驻重庆红卫兵率先抛出了批判罗广斌的大字报《罗广斌是革命造反派内部的定时炸弹》、《我们为什么要揪罗广斌》，攻击他的罪名很多：“黑线上的人物”、“黑帮分子”，“重庆文艺界最大的保皇分子”，“山城头号政治大扒手”……
In thet Cultural Revolution, there were serious differences in interior of Chongqing rebels sbout question of seizing power, therefore it had laid down the hatred seed. On January 31, 1967, the contradiction was finally imminent: Beijing Aeronautical Institute “Red Flag” Red Guards in Chongqing first wrote the bigcharacter posters, "Luo Guangbin Is Revolutionary Rebels Interior Timing Bomb", "Why We Must Clutch Luo Guangbin", Attacks his to be many: charges were used to attack him: “Personage on black line",“reactionary gang member”, “the biggest monarchist in Chongqing literary and art circlesr”, “top politics pickpocket in the mountain city”……
因为造反派群众对毛的最高指示有不同的理解，和夺取斗争中利益的分配分歧，全国的造反派分裂，进行你死我活派别斗争，进行武斗。重庆的造反派武斗是非常激烈的。1967年2月2日，重庆红卫兵革命造反司令部发令抓捕罗；2月5日，建工学院红卫兵将罗从家中绑架并抄家；2月8日，夺权派的重庆市革命联合会宣告成立；反夺权派组织暂时失败，2月11日，军队暂时支持的联合会宣布重庆市文联等 (罗广斌是该派组织的头目)为“反革命组织”，被勒令解散……
Because the masses of hair rebels have the different understanding to Mao’s highest instruction, and divergent in benefit assignment of the struggle and seizing power, the national rebellion masses splited to different factions, between the factions carried on the life and death struggle and the resort to violence. Chongqing rebels’ resorting to violence is very fierce. On February 2 , 1967, Chongqing Red Guard Revolution Rebels Headquarters issuesd order to catch Luo Guangbin, on February 5, Red Guards of the Architecture college kidnaped him from home and search his house and confiscated the property. On February 8, the seizuring- power faction, Chongqing Revolutionary Federation was set up; the anti-seizuring-power faction temporarily failed, on February 11, the Federation which temporary supported by the army, announced that the anti-seizuring-power organization in Chongqing Literary and Art Circles (Luo Guangbin was the organization’s leader) was a "counter-revolutionary organization", must be compelled dissolving……
On February 10, 1967，a news about Luo Guangbin falling down from the top floor suicide in custody came out and spreaded. The interrogate persons forced him to confess how he was discharged from Zhazi Cave jail. in 1949. From February 5 he was kidnapped, till to late night on February 9, each day several dozens hours of continual interrogating. make him to be exhausted, painfully lie awake all nights. To 10th early morning, he was been escorted and carried a washbasin to 3rd floor toilet to wash face, while people did not prepare he climb up the window, shouted loudly “long live Chairman Mao!” and jumped down, falling hit on the stair stone ladder, dies at the scence.
江青曾经说：罗广斌是“叛徒”、“反革命”，“罗广斌是罗广文的弟弟，有人替他翻案，我们根本不理他。华蓥山游击队，根本糟得很，叛徒太多了。”一时间“华蓥山游击队叛徒很多”、“川东地下党叛徒很多”的传言广泛传播。这说明迫害罗广斌并不是斗争的终结，而是又一场政治迫害的开端。
Jiang Qing once said: Luo Guangbin is a "traitor”, “counter-revolutionary”, “Luo Guangbin is the Luo Guangwen’s younger brother, somebody reverse a case for him, we simply ignore him. The guerrillas in Mt. Huaying were bad enough, the betrayers had been too many ". At that time, the rumors such as “there were many traitors in the Mt. Huaying guerrillas”, “there were many traitors in eastern Sichuan province’s underground party” widely spreaded. This shows oppressing Luo Guang Bin cruelly be really not fight with finality, but be one political prosecution beginning.
杨益言，1925年生于重庆，中共党员。1944年考取上海同济大学工学院电机系，1948执教于重庆中国铅笔厂职工夜校。因为参加学生运动,8月被国民党逮捕，囚禁在渣滓洞集中营。l949年11月重庆“解放后”，从1950年起在青年团市委工作，先后任科长、办公室主任、团市委常委、中共重庆市委《支部生活》总编辑。他的工作是常到各处作报告，对青年进行革命传统教育。他写了不少革命回忆录，例如,他与罗广斌共同写作了《在烈火中永生》。
Yang Yiyan, was born in 1925 in Chongqing, member of the Chinese Communist Party. In 1944 he was admitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Tongji University. In 1948, taught in Staff Night School of Chongqing China Pencil Factory. Because of participating in student movement, he was arrested by Kuomintang in August, kept in in Zhazi Cave Concentration Camp. After Chongqing“liberation” In November l949, from 1950 on he worked in the municipal Youth League Committee, held the post of the section chief , the office director, standing committee member, editor-in-chief of the "Party Branch Life" of the CCP Chongqing Municipal Committee. His work was often to go different places to carry on the revolutionary tradition education for the youth. He wrote a lot of revolutionary memoirs. For instance, Luo Guangbin and he wrote "Eternal Life in Raging Fire".
杨益言后来成为了专业作家。由于1958年毛泽东和中共搞“大跃进”“人民公社”等错误政策，造成1960年前后中国“大饥荒”，在这三年困难时期，全国人民都没有东西吃，罗广斌和杨益言因为在政府机关工作，而且是从事重要的“革命回忆录”创作和宣传工作，他们算是享受特殊照顾，每晚每人能分到一个小黑馒头。在这种困难的条件下，他们创作出了长篇小说《红岩》，被誉为“共产主义的奇书”。
Yang Yiyan had afterward become the professional author. Because in 1958 Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party did the “Great Leap Forward”, “People's commune” and so on wrong policies, caused China’s the “big famine” around 1960, in this difficult 3 years, all the Chinese people had nothing to eat, because Luo Guangbin and Yang Yiyan worked in Government, moreover were engaged in important “revolutionary reminiscences creation” and the propaganda work, they considered to enjoy special care, per night per person could be assigned to a small black bread. Under this kind of difficult condition, they created the novel "Red rock", which was honored as "Masterpieces of communism".
杨益言写作的《我见到的“中美合作所”》2003年5月在《中华儿女》发表，引起了很多人的质疑，例如作者孙曙的文章《是“见到的”还是编造的——评杨益言“我见到的中美合作所》（载《书屋》2003年第11期），都说是编造的假故事。虽然他在文化大革命中也受到无情的迫害，但是他比罗广斌的日子好过多了，他获得了一些头衔，例如四川省第四、五届政协委员，全国文联第四届委员，中国作协第三、四届理事及第五、六、七届名誉委员，四川省重庆市文联副主席、作协副主席。
Yang Yiyan wrote the article “I have seen the ‘Sino-US cooperation institute’” published in "The China's Youth" in May, 2003, which caused a lot of people questioned. For example, the author Sun Shu’s article, “Are These ‘Have Been Seen’ or were Fabricated--- Comments on Yang Yiyan’s article ‘I have seen the Sino-US cooperation institute’”(“The Book House". 2003, issue 11), all said that Yang’s article is a compiled false story. Although he also accepts merciless persecution in the Great Cultural Revolution, but his life is much better than that of Luo Guangbin's. He has obtained some titles, for instance, members of the fourth and fifth sessions of Sichuan Province Political Consultative Conference, committee member of the fourth National Federation of Literary and Art Circles, director of the third and fourth sessions of Chinese Writers Association and the Fifth, sixth and seventh sessions of honorary committee members of the Association, vice-chairman of Federation of Literary and Art Circles Sichuan, vice-chairman of Chongqing Writers Association.
八、袁庚谈中美情报合作对抗日战争胜利的巨大影响
8. Yuan Geng said the Sino-US information cooperation had enormous influence to victory of anti-Japanese War
袁庚曾是深圳改革开放的领导者之一。袁庚在抗日战争时是东江纵队联络处处长，大家都说，他出色的情报工作直接影响了中国抗日战争和世界反法西斯战争的结束方式。现在位于深圳龙岗区坪山镇的东江纵队纪念馆中，有许多珍贵的图片资料记载了这段历史。
Yuan Gengzeng was the former leader of Shenzhen’s reforming and openning policy carrior. When in the Sino-Japanese War, Yuan Geng was the chief of Liaison Office in Dong Jiang Column. It is said that his excellent information work directly influence the conclusion way of China’s anti-Japan war and world antifascist war. Now there is a Memorial Hall of Dong Jiang Column located in Shenzhen Longgang District, many precious pictures and data there recorded this period of history.
On October 12, 1938, the Japanese invaders landed in Huiyang County's Daya Bay, subsequently seized Guangzhou, Hong Kong and South China's general areas. The Guangdong people had organized many anti-Japan guerrillas, on December 2, 1943 these guerrilla force merged, officially changed its name to the “anti-Japanese guerrilla Guangdong Dongjiang Column”, simultaneously announced outward: This is a anti-Japanese army in South China leading by the CCP. On December 7, 1941, Japan sneakily attacked Pearl harbor, the Pacific War erupted. On December 8, the US and UK declared war to Japan; On December 9, China declared war to Japan, Germany and Italy. Henceforth China has carried on years of the Sino-Japanese War, becomes the important component of the world’s antifascist war. The Dong Jiang Column had rescued two times and 89 foreign friends successively in February and April, 1942. Since the development of the war situation, the military intelligence cooperation was started between the Dong Jiang Column and the UK and the US.
东江纵队与英军的情报合作引起了美军的高度重视。1944年2月9日，罗斯福致电蒋介石要求派遣美军观察组赴延安考察。美军驻重庆高级顾问史迪威将军与中共驻重庆办事处的周恩来谈判，要求派8个观察组到中共抗日根据地进行合作。但是，直到抗日战争胜利，美军只有2个组成行。一个是包瑞德上校的观察组1944年7月到了延安，另一个是欧戴易少校的观察组，同年10月7日到了东江纵队。
The information cooperation between the Dong Jiang Column and British Army caused the US military attention seriously. On February 9, 1944, Roosevelt sent a telegram to Chiang Kai-Shek requesting to dispatch the US military observation group to go to Yenan to inspect. General Stilwell, the senior consultant of US military in Chongqing, negotiated with Zhou Enlai, the representative of the CCP in Chongqing, the US want to send eight Observer Group to and the Chinese Communist Party in Chongqing office's the request sends 8 observation groups to cooperate with the Chinese Communist Party. But, until the end of the Sino-Japanese War, only 2 groups of the US military did. One observation group was Charged by Colonel Devid DeanBarrett, came to Yenan in July, 1944; another observation group was chargred by Dr. Merrills Ady came to Dong Jiang on October 7,1944.
当时东纵就与美国情报合作的问题，于1944年10月9日向党中央发去了请示电报。收到东纵的电报后，毛主席当即批示：“抄周（周恩来）、弼（任弼时）、刘（刘少奇）、彭（彭德怀）、朱（朱德）、叶（叶剑英），请周复。”10月13日，中央回电同意了东纵的请求。随即东纵抽调袁庚负责筹备建立联络处的工作。1944年11月1日，东纵再次就联络处的筹备情况请示中央。电报说：“军委：我军之联络处因干部缺乏仍在积极筹备建立及训练干部。目前有袁庚同志负责筹备，工作未能全部配备，仅稍具规模，现派专人前往港九广州及珠江沿岸之情报机关。”中央同意了东纵的请示，在东纵设立联络处作为特别情报部门，正式任命袁庚为联络处处长，开始了与盟军一年多的情报合作，主要是珠江三角洲和广东沿海敌站区的情报交换工作。
At that time, the Dong Jiang Column sent telegram to the CCP Central Committee to ask how to cooperate with the American about the informationwork on October 9, 1944. Mao received and wrote immediately: “copy this to Zhou Enlai, Ren Bishi, Liu Shaoqi, Peng Dehuai, Zhu De and Ye Jianying, please Zhou Enlai give an answer.” On October 13, the Part Central returned telegram and agreed with the Dong Jiang Column’s work plan. Yuan Geng responded immediately to arrange the establishment liaison office's work. On November 1, 1944, the Dong Jiang Column sent telegram to the CCP Central Committee to ask for instructions. The telegram said: “Military Commission: because our Army Liaison Office lack cadres, now still arrange to do preparative and to train the cadres. At present Comrade Yuan Geng is charged with the preparative task, and the work has not finished completely, only get slight scale, presently send personals to go to information agency in Hong Kong, Guangzhou and the Pearl River coast.” The Part Central agreed with the Dong Jiang Column’s instruction, set up the liaison office in Dong Jiang Column as a special intelligence department, formally appointed Yuan Geng as Director of the Liaison Office, started information cooperation with allied armies more than one year, mainly did information exchange work in Zhujiang Delta and the Guangdong coast’s enemy occupied area.
袁庚回忆说，欧戴易金发碧眼、身材魁梧，站在人群中“非常醒目”。为了保密，东纵司令部转移到罗浮山，欧戴易的观察组对内叫安全保密组，由翻译黄作枚陪同，隐藏在罗浮山北侧的的一位地下党员家里，行动高度保密，而袁庚领导的联络处的军用电台就架设在罗浮山上（后来架设电台的地方被林彪当成了别墅）。东纵的电台架设就绪后，就与美国第14航空队的陈纳德将军和美国太平洋舰队总司令尼米兹上将直接联系了。
Yuan Geng recalled, since Dr. Merrills Ady is tall and has golden hair and blue eyes, it is very “striking” when he is in the crowd. In order to keep secret, the headquarters of the Dong Jiang Column shifted in Luofu Mountain, Merrills Ady’s observation group was called the security group internally, accompanied by Translator Huang Zuomei, hided in a party member’s family in the north side of Luofu Mountain, kept secret highly. Yuan Geng’s liaison office military radio station erected on Luofu Mountain. After the radio station erected ready, the Dong Jiang Column contacted directly with American 14th Air unit's General Chennault and the US Pacific Fleet Commander-in-Chief General Nimitz, Chester William (1885-1966).
据有关资料显示，袁庚领导的情报机构，向盟军提供了日军在广州天河、香港启德、深圳西乡南头机场图例和说明，日军太古船坞建造计划图，日军华南舰队密码，日军神风攻击队K2飞机图纸，广九沿线日军工事图、香港日军海防图等大量重要的军事情报。这使东江纵队率先发现了失踪的日本部队，对抗日战争结束的方式产生巨大影响。
The pertinent data demonstrated that Yuan Geng and the intelligence agency had provided massive important military informations, such as maps of Japanese army’s airports in Guangzhou Tianhe, Hong Kong Kaitak Afld and Shenzhen; the construction planning chart of Takoo Dock of the Japanese army, the password of South China Fleet of the Japanese, the blueprint of K2 airplane of Japanese air Kamikaze team, Japanese force’s fortification map along the Kowloon-Canton route, the Japanese coastal defense plans in Hong Kong, and so on. These caused the Dong Jiang Column first discovered where was the missing Japanese Army, which have a great impact on the way to end the Sino-Japanese War.
“波雷部队”是日军的王牌部队，对中国人民犯下了累累罪行。1944年的衡阳战役，因为波雷部队的疯狂屠杀，使得国民党守军第10军伤亡惨重，第10军军长方先觉被迫下令全军放下武器，并率各师长向日军投降。这支屠城之军在打完衡阳战役后，盟军每天用三架电台追踪这支部队的动向，但是突然销声匿迹了。盟军开始了“逐岛反攻”计划———逐步由太平洋向日本本土推进。盟军虽然节节胜利，但每前进一步都要付出惨重的代价。随后，盟军调整了战略，想从被日军占领的中国东南沿海登陆，建立战略反攻基地，对日本本土进行大规模战略轰炸，迫使日军尽快投降。
“129 Regiment” is Japanese forces' trump card army, committed the countless crime to the Chinese people. In 1944 Hengyang campaign, because of this regiment's crazy slaughter, caused the 10th Corps of KMT casualties serious, Fang Xianjiao, the commander of the 10th Corps was forced to order all of his forces to lay down the weapon, and surrendered. After Hengyang campaign, the Allied Armies used three radio stations to trace this Japanese massacre regiment’s trend every day, but it suddenly disappeared from the scene. The Allied Armies started a "counterattack to its each island" plan - -Japan force moved gradually from the Pacific Ocean to the Japanese native place. Although the Allied Armies won successively, but went forward every one step had paid serious price. Afterward, the Allied Armies adjusted the strategy, intended toland from the Chinese southeast coast where was seized by the Japanese, established the strategic counteroffensive base, to give a large-scale strategic air bombing to the Japanese native place, forcing Japanese forces surrenders as soon as possible.
On March 9, 1945, Mr. Ganz, the US military lieutenant, and his 6 staff members went to the Dongjiang Column with a introduction letter by General Chennault, their duty was to choice the suitable the landing beach place in Daya Bay and the Shantou coast for the US military force. Huang Kang, a student of Zhongshan University, led a information group, they discovered that the Japanese army had constructed the cavern fortification in the Shantou coast and Dongshan Island, and they drawn maps give Yuan Geng.
袁庚将其交给美军，美军发现这里的工事和日军在塞班岛构筑的洞穴工事一样。接着广州和东莞等地的情报站发现了“波雷”日军的番号。由于东江纵队准确的情报，盟军决定避开日军的精锐部队，选择在中国的连云港登陆。而美国当局又改变了原来的战略计划，为加快战争的结束，直接向日本本土投放原子弹。华南登陆计划就此完结了。但是美军对东纵的情报工作给予了高度评价。他们在给东纵司令员曾生的感谢信中说，“你们关于129师团的报告很优越，总部致以感谢”，“华盛顿对发现129师团及其消息致以庆贺”。（见韩墨：《袁庚:他的情报改变了盟军行动》载《深圳商报》2003年11月28日 ）
Yuan Geng gave the maps to the US military, which discovered that the fortifications here were very like the same as the Japanese army’s cavern fortifications constructed in the Saipan Island. Then their information posts in Guangzhou and Dongguan found the trace of Japanese “129 Regiment”. Since Dong Jiang Column got the accurate intelligence, the Allied Armies decided to avoid the crack troops of the Japanese, chose to land in China's Lianyungang. But the US authorities changed the original strategic planning, in order to speed war's conclusion, put the atomic bomb directly to the Japanese native place. South China landing plan was got over. However, the U.S. military highly praised the Dong Jiang Column, their thanking letter to Zeng Sheng, the commander of the Dong Jiang Column, said that “your reports are very superior, the headquarters expressed appreciation" , “Washington congratulates and celebrates the intelligence and the news about the 129 division's, the headquarters extend thanks”, “Washington to discovered that 129 Regiment”. (sees Han Mo: "Yuan Geng: His information changed the Allied Armies motion" carries on "Shenzhen Commercial Daily," November 28, 2003).
九、“文革”中袁庚成了“美国战略情报特务”
9. Yuan Geng became “the US strategic intelligence spy” during the “Culture Revolution”
中共中央有关部门于1946年2月19日，将东江纵队与美军合作情报及美军的感谢信等材料，公开刊登在香港出版的《华商报》上，以证明共产党领导的东纵与盟军配合，共同打击日寇，为世界反法西斯战争做了贡献。
On February 19, 1946, the pertinent department of the CCP Central Committee published the data about information cooperation between the Dong Jiang Column and the US Army and the thanking letter of the US Army on “Chinese Business View (Hua Shang Bao)” in Hong Kong, proved that the communist party led the Dong Jiang Column to coordinate with the Allied Armies, attacked the Japanese invaders together, has made the contribution for the world antifascist war.
可是，到了“文革”期间，红卫兵在《华商报》上发现了这段历史。于是有500名红卫兵到北京“要揪出袁庚这个美帝特务”。林彪、江青为达到整挎周恩来等目的，明知道东纵与盟军的情报合作是党中央、毛泽东同意的，却故意给袁庚戴上“美国战略情报特务”的罪名，康生亲笔批示：“此人问题严重，立即逮捕，与曾生案一并审讯。”
But, in “the Great Cultural Revolution” period, the Red Guards discovered this history from Hong Kong “Chinese Business View”. Therefore about 500 Red Guards came to Beijing “to uncover the American imperialist spy,Yuan Geng”. Lin Biao and Jiang Qing knew the history the Dong Jiang Column and their cooperation with the Allied Armies was agreed by Mao and CCP central clearly in fact, but they want to bring Zhou Enlai down, deliberate to charge against Yuan Geng as “the US strategic intelligence spy”. Kang Sheng ()handwritten instructions: “This man has serious problem, arrest immediately, trial and interrogate together with Zeng Sheng’s case”
袁庚于1968年4月6日被抓进秦城监狱。直到1973年9月30日，林彪飞机坠毁之后，在周恩来的过问下，袁庚才获释出狱。袁庚说：“在许多年以后，我在一个偶然的机会，遇到了王光美同志。我们在聊天时说起了秦城监狱，我们发现，原来我住的那间牢房，王光美同志也曾经住过。”（见韩墨：《袁庚:他的情报改变了盟军行动》载《深圳商报》2003年11月28日）
On April 6, 1968 Yuan Gengyuis imprison in Qincheng Prison. Until September 30, 1973, after Lin Biao crashed with his plane, under Zhou Enlai's inquiry, Yuan Gengcai was released from prison. Yuan Geng said: “many years later, I run into Comrade Wang Guangmei (Liu Shaoqi’s wife) in an accidental opportunity. We chated and mentioned the Qincheng Prison, knew that originally I live that prison cell, Wang Guangmei had also lived.”(see Han Mo: "Yuan Geng: His information changed the Allied Armies motion" carries on “Shenzhen Commercial Daily” Shenzhen Business”, November 28, 2003).
十、“中美合作所”这就是美国对民主、自由和人权的解读
10. “The Sino-US Cooperation Institute”, this is the US how to explain the democracy, freedom and human right
一位名为“林泉诗音”的作者在一个博客网页上发表他写的一首诗，（提交日期：2007年10月27日），节选如下：
One author named "Lin Quan Shi Yin" published a poem on the blog which wrote by himself(submission date: on October 27, 2007), the selection is as follows:
名曰“中美合作所”，
实是吃人大魔窟。
美蒋反动派，
为了镇压革命人民，
就联手“合作”，
将渣滓洞、白公馆，
变成了监狱和屠场，
无数革命志士遭受荼毒！
这间是刑讯室，
里面陈列刑具：
绳索、皮鞭、刀棍……
火炉、烙铁、老虎凳……
这就是美蒋
用来残害革命者的工具；
这就是
美国对民主、自由和人权的解读！
走出美蒋的魔窟，
天上的雨还下个不住。
这里现在是青少年教育基地，
一定要牢牢地记住：
是革命先烈们的奋斗牺牲，
才为我们带来了今天的幸福！
Named the "Sino-US Cooperation Institute",
The reality is devil's lair of eating people
US-Chiang reactionaries,
In order to suppress the revolutionary people,
On the joint "cooperation",
Turned the Zhazi Cave and Chongqing’s White building,
Into the jail and slaughtering field ,
uncounted revolutionaries were suffered torment!
In the torture chambers,
inside various torture instruments were displayed,
Ropes, whips, knife and stick
Stove, iron, tiger bench ... ...
This is the US and Chiang,
to be used to cruelly injure revolutionists.
And This is
the US how to explain the democracy, freedom and human right!
We go out of the US-Chiang devil's lair,
The rain does not stop down.
Here now is the youth education base,
We must firmly remember:
the struggle of revolutionary martyrs who sacrificed
It brought us today's happiness!
十一、“中美合作所集中营的美蒋罪行”的宣传已经“深入人心”
11. Propaganda of the “Crime of the US and Chiang in the Sino-US Collaboration Institute Camp” has deeply rooted among the people
以上这首诗的作者“无限深情”地表达了他痛恨“美蒋罪行”的“爱国主义”精神。可见，由于中共几十年的宣传，很多人经过“洗脑”后，他们的头脑中，中美特种技术合作所就是“屠杀革命先烈的集中营”。尽管一些有识之士已经把中共进行政治宣传的真相说得清清楚楚，但是，中共几十年大肆宣传所产生的巨大影响和效果，是不可能清除的。把“中美合作所”描写成“法西斯集中营”等歪曲事实的政治宣传的影响和效果，有着相当大的“惯性”，有的甚至至今在还继续进行宣传。
The author of the above poem has expressed his hate "crime of US and Chiang" and "patriotic" spirit with "Infinite affection". It can be seen obviously, as a result of the propaganda in several dozens years by the Chinese Communist Party, many persons after undergoing the “brainwashing” in their minds it is true that the Sino-US Collaboration Institute was the "concentration camp where slaughtered revolutionary martyrs”. Although some men of insight already have told truth which was the Chinese Communist carrying out the politics propagates absolutely clear, however, the enormous influence and the results of the several dozens years’ vigorous propaganda by the Chinese Communist, are impossible to clear away. The influence and effect of the political propaganda which distort the facts such as described the “Sino-US cooperation institute” to be the “Fascist concentration camp” and so on, have pretty big "inertia", some until now are also even continuing to carry on such propaganda.
2008年4月至今，广州宣传“奥运火炬传递城市广州历史名人”，其中介绍烈士叶挺囚禁于重庆“中美合作所集中营”。
From April 2008 until now, it propagandizes in Guangzhou “the Olympic Games torch transmiting city, Guangzhou’s history celebrity”, it introduced that martyr Ye Ting once was imprisoned in Chongqing “Sino-US Cooperation Institute Concentration Camp”.
2009年的实践共产主义网（http://www.sjgczy.com/show.asp?id=56）介绍叶挺烈士的“囚歌”：叶挺禁于重庆“中美合作所集中营”。
In 2009, “Practice of Communism” network（http://www.sjgczy.com/show.asp?id=56）introduced the "Prison Song" by martyr Ye Ting: Martyr Ye Ting once was imprisoned in Chongqing “Sino-US Cooperation Institute Concentration Camp”.
On September 25, 2009, the CCP Committee of Jiangxi Blue Sky University organized a large-scale poetry and song recitation, “I and my Motherland”, gifted to the Sixty birthday of the motherland, some one recited Bai Shenfu martyr's poem, and introduced that in 1948 Bai Shenfu martyr was imprisoned and killed in Chongqing “Sino-US Cooperation Institute Concentration Camp”.（http://www.jxbsu.com/show.php?contentid=5958）
2009年5月在关于中小学生综合素质教育的会议上，“着眼未来培养孩子的综合素质”，大家发言说：在现代社会，一个孩子仅靠课堂书本的学习是不够的，应当创造条件让孩子到社会和大自然的大课堂去学习，接受民族文化的熏陶，把爱国主义的根基打牢……到全国各地去看看……到重庆中美合作所学习红岩烈士们当年视死不屈的浩然正气（http://www.aoshu.com/200905/49ffa12d960a9.shtml）。
In May, 2009, on a national education meeting about the overall quality of primary and secondary schools, some one said, "focus on fostering children's overall quality of the future", in modern society, children only depend on the classroom and book study is insufficient, should also create conditions for children to go to society and nature which is the large classroom to learn, to accept the influence of national culture, to lay a solid foundation of patriotism….. to see the China-US Cooperation Institute in Chongqing to learn Red Rock martyrs’ noble and unyielding spirit. （http://www.aoshu.com/200905/49ffa12d960a9.shtml）
2008年江西省委的“九三学社”“省委”搞了一个“继承优良传统，做好政治交接”征文活动，南昌市的“九三学社”机关一位公务员王X玲因此发表了题为“纪念碑前的思考”的文章写道：“为了更好地学习贯彻中共十七大精神，更好地开展以坚持走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路……，社省委组织考察团到山城重庆学习考察，我有幸参加考察团（注：其实中国人都知道这是典型的公务员用公款进行红色旅游）……中美合作所集中营里的200多位革命志士饮恨枪弹，倒在了革命胜利的黎明之前。他们用一腔热血，染红了共和国的旗帜，用自己的身躯，托起新中国那轮崭新的太阳。”（九三学社南昌市委宣传部http://93.nc.gov.cn/onews.asp?id=762）
In 2008, Jiangxi “September Third Society”Provincial Committee was engaged in a writing activities, named“Inherited the fine tradition, completed the political connection”. a civil servant of Nanchang city’s “September Third Society”published a article, “Ponder before the monument”, it wrote: In order to better study and implement the spirit of Communist Party’s 17th National Congress Congress, to better carry on and adhere the socialist political development road with Chinese characteristics,…… the “September Third Society”Provincial Committee has organized inspection group to visit mountain city Chongqing, fortunately I participate in the inspection group (note: Actually the Chinese knew that this is the typical the civil servants carry on the Red Tourism with the government money). ……more than 200 revolutionary persons cherished hatred and were killed in the Sino-US Cooperation Concentration Camp, fell before the dawn of the victory of the revolution. They used all their blood, dyed the flag of the Republic, with their own bodies, supported the brand-new sun of New China.” (The September Third Society Nanchang Municipal Committee Propaganda Department. (http://93.nc.gov.cn/onews.asp?id=762)
十二、湖北荆州公园建渣滓洞,投币可驱使特务鞭打先烈
12. “Hubei constructs Zhazid-cave-Jail, throw coins can urge spies to whip Martyrs"
以下是2004年02月20日湖北《楚天都市报》刊登的题为《湖北公园建渣滓洞 投币可驱使特务鞭打先烈》的报道全文（包括附图和“小资料”）（这应该也是恶意大力宣传“中美合作所美蒋特务杀害革命先烈”的恶果吧）：
The following is report on Hubei "Chutian Metropolis Newspaper", February 20, 2004, " A Park in Hubei constructs Zhazid-cave-Jail, throw coins can urge spies to whip Martyrs" the full text including attached figure and “Mini information link”. (This must be one of the consequences that the CCP intention vigorously propagandizes “the American-Chiang spies in the Sino-US Cooperation killed revolutionary martyr”)
荆楚在线消息(楚天都市报)(记者刘长风杨峰洲)荆州中山公园景点“渣滓洞”竟出现如此一幕：游客只要投入硬币，就能上演“美蒋特务”鞭打“革命烈士”，引起众多市民不满。
The Jingchu online news (Chutian metropolis newspaper) (by Liu Changfeng Yang Fengzhou) , A scenic spot in Jingzhou Zhongshan Park, “Zhazi-cave-jail” presented so one unexpectedly: So long as the tourist throw coins, can perform “the American-Chiang spies whip revolutionary martyr”, caused numerous public discontent.
本月18日，记者接读者投诉后前往暗访。花5元钱购票后进入“渣滓洞”景点。售票员称，此处原为“幽灵城”，因生意不太好，改造成“渣滓洞”后本月14日对外营业。
On the 18th of this month,after reporter respectfully receiving the complaints, goes to make secret inquiries. Spending 5 Yuan buy tickets, enter the scenic spot of “Zhazi-cave-jail”. The ticket seller said that here was original "ghost town", because business is bad, so transformed it to “Zhazi-cave-jail” and started business on the 14th of the month.
记者看到，原“幽灵城”内的阎王、怨妇鬼、棺材鬼等，与众多革命烈士比肩而立。一位女“革命烈士”受“老虎凳”刑，后面的墙上写着“阎王”二字；可爱又坚强的革命小战士———“小萝卜头”后面，写着“祝 君发财”等字样。
The reporter saw, the ghosts of Chinese Myth, such Hades(YanWang), resentment- woman-ghost, coffin-ghost and so on of original "ghost town", standing shoulder to shoulder with many revolutionary martyr. A female "revolutionary martyr" was being punished of “tiger stool”, behind the wall wrote "Hades"; there was a lovable and strong boy soldier - “little guy”, behind it were words of “wish you get rich, Good fortune" and so forth.
在一女性“烈士”受刑点前，导游向游客介绍，只要投入硬币，美蒋特务就可挥动鞭子抽打烈士。这时，一名游客向投币箱内投入一元硬币后，电动控制的“美蒋特务”果然挥鞭施刑，在“美蒋特务”背后的洞壁竟然写着：“有钱能使鬼推磨(如图)”。
Before a female “martyr”, the tour guide introduced that, so long as tourist throw coin, “the American-Chiang spies” wield the whip to brush the “martyr”. At this time, a tourist throws a coin in the box, the electric-controled “the American-Chiang spies” really wield the whip to torture, and behind on the wall is writing “money can make a ghost turn a millstone” (Figure).
连日来，此处景点引起荆州城市民议论纷纷。公园管理方昨日下午称，该景点出租给了一外地老板经营，将“幽灵城”改造成“渣滓洞”，园方并不知情。接到群众反映后，18日下午已责令租赁者“关门整改”，至昨日“渣滓洞”的景点标牌，已恢复成“幽灵城”。
In recent days, this scenic spot caused much discussion among the public in Jingzhoucheng City. Yesterday afternoon the Park management said the spot was rented to a private boss to manage, and the park had no idea did not know when the "ghost town" transformed to “Zhazi-cave Jail”. After receiving the populace reflected, on 18th afternoon the park ordered the renting boss “close and reorganize”, and the scenic spot sign-board, “Zhazi-cave Jail” has been restored into "ghost town" yesterday.
小资料
mini information link
渣滓洞：位于重庆西北郊歌乐山下。原为人工采煤的小煤窑，因煤少渣多而得名。它三面环山，地形隐蔽。1939年国民党军统特务在此设立集中营，1943年后改为“中美合作所第二看守所”，囚禁革命志士，共产党员罗世文、江竹筠(江姐)等先后囚禁于此。1949年11月底，重庆解放前夕，囚禁于此的200多革命志士遭到集体屠杀，仅15人脱险。
“Zhazi-cave Jail”: Located at Chongqing west under northern suburbs Geleshan. Originally here was a small coal pit of manual mine, the Chinese name “Zhazi” means here is less coal and many slags. It surrounded on three sides by mountains, the terrain is covert. in 1939 the spies of Military Investigation Bureau (MIB) of Kuomintang set up the concentration camp here, after 1943, it changed to “the Sino-US Cooperation Second Lockup”, to be used for the captivity revolution persons. Communist party member Luo Shiwen, Jiang ZhuJun (Jiang sister) and so on imprisoned here successively. At the end of November, 1949, Chongqing liberation eve, more than 200 revolutionary persons imprisoned here encountered collective slaughter, only 15 people escaped.
